Surgical outcomes of pulmonary resection for lung cancer after neo-adjuvant treatment

Table 4 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics among the unmatched population cohort

Characteristic	Surgery only n = 3593 (94.21%)	Chemotherapy n = 64 (1.68%)	Radiotherapy n = 100 (2.62%)	Chemo and radio n = 57 (1.49%)	P-value1
Age (yr), median (IQR)	69 (61-75)	66 (62-73)	66 (53-69)	62 (52-70)	< 0.0012
Male (%)	1774 (49.59)	35 (54.69)	45 (45.45)	28 (49.12)	0.662
Race (%)
Non-Hispanic White	2678 (78.58)	48 (78.69)	83 (86.46)	46 (85.19)	0.508
Non-Hispanic Black	194 (5.69)	3 (4.92)	5 (5.21)	4 (7.41)
Hispanic	393 (11.53)	7 (11.48)	4 (4.17)	3 (5.56)
Other or unknown	143 (4.20)	3 (4.92)	4 (4.17)	1 (1.85)
ASA classification (%)
1-2 no-mild disturbance	2573 (71.61)	51 (79.69)	71 (71.00)	41 (71.93)	0.445
3 serious disturbance	665 (18.51)	10 (15.63)	19 (19.00)	7 (12.28)
4-5 life threatening/moribund	355 (9.88)	3 (4.69)	10 (10.00)	9 (15.79)
Functional status
Independent	3528 (98.19)	61 (95.31)	98 (98.00)	56 (98.25)	0.413
Partially/totally dependent	65 (1.81)	3 (4.69)	2 (2.00)	1 (1.75)
Obese, BMI ≥ 30 (%)	1093 (30.42)	20 (31.25)	22 (22.00)	14 (24.56)	0.245
Diabetes (%)	546 (15.20)	11 (17.19)	9 (9.00)	5 (8.77)	0.178
Current smoker (%)	1223 (34.04)	29 (45.31)	48 (48.00)	30 (52.63)	< 0.0012
Alcohol consumption (%)	193 (5.37)	5 (7.81)	6 (6.00)	4 (7.02)	0.785
Dyspnea (%)	975 (27.14)	14 (21.88)	24 (24.00)	16 (28.07)	0.711
History of COPD (%)	962 (26.77)	19 (29.69)	21 (21.00)	11 (19.30)	0.317
History of heart disease (%)	38 (1.06)	0 (0.00)	3 (3.00)	0 (0.00)	0.186
Hypertension (%)	2134 (59.39)	31 (48.44)	48 (48.00)	25 (43.86)	0.0042
Previous cardiac surgery (%)	280 (7.79)	2 (3.13)	6 (6.00)	3 (5.26)	0.422
Weight loss (%)	115 (3.20)	0 (0.00)	8 (8.00)	5 (8.77)	0.0032
Steroid use (%)	132 (3.67)	6 (9.38)	10 (10.00)	3 (5.26)	0.0012
Year of operation (%)
2005-2008	728 (20.26)	6 (9.38)	34 (34.00)	9 (15.79)	< 0.0012
2009-2010	1577 (43.89)	21 (32.81)	61 (61.00)	18 (31.58)
2011-2012	1288 (35.85)	37 (57.81)	5 (5.00)	30 (52.63)
Preoperative WBC (%)
Normal (4.5-11.0 × 109/L)	2988 (83.16)	54 (84.38)	73 (73.00)	38 (66.67)	< 0.0012
Abnormal (< 4.5 or > 11.0 × 109/L)	468 (13.03)	10 (15.63)	27 (27.00)	17 (29.82)
Preoperative hematocrit (%)
Normal (≥ 36)	2860 (79.60)	32 (50.00)	52 (52.00)	23 (40.35)	< 0.0012
Abnormal (< 36)	588 (16.37)	32 (50.00)	48 (48.00)	32 (56.14)
Preoperative albumin (%)
Normal (≥ 3.5 g/dL)	3345 (93.10)	58 (90.63)	82 (82.00)	55 (96.49)	< 0.0012
Abnormal (< 3.5 g/dL)	248 (6.90)	6 (9.38)	18 (18.00)	2 (3.51)
Managing specialty (%)
Thoracic	2243 (62.43)	48 (75.00)	48 (48.00)	40 (70.18)	0.0082
General	991 (27.58)	11 (17.19)	42 (42.00)	11 (19.30)
Other specialty	359 (9.99)	5 (7.81)	10 (10.00)	6 (10.53)
Surgery type (%)
Open	2545 (70.83)	51 (79.69)	86 (86.00)	53 (92.28)	< 0.0012
VATS	1048 (29.17)	13 (20.31)	14 (14.00)	4 (7.02)

¹Two-sided P-values taken from χ² tests (Fisher’s exact test in cell counts less than five);

²P< 0.05 considered statistically significant. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used to compare non-normal distributions of age. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF: Congestive heart failure; MI: Myocardial infarction; WBC: White blood cell (count); VATS: Video-assisted thoracic surgery; BMI: Body mass index; IQR: Interquartile range.