Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Diagnostic utility and specific considerations in the pediatric population

Figure 1 Examples of images produced by individual cardiovascular magnetic resonance pulse sequences. A and B are black blood spin echo images showing the ascending and descending aorta at the main pulmonary artery level A and the 4 cardiac chambers B; C and D are bright blood SSFP cine images showing short axis and 4 chamber views respectively, while E and F are examples of 3D contrast-enhanced MRA; E is a contrast-enhanced MRA of the pulmonary tree in a patient with a large sarcoma. There is no opacification of the arterial supply of the left lower lobe, indicating complete occlusion of the lower branch of the left pulmonary artery; F is a contrast-enhanced MRA of the descending aorta for assessment of renal anatomy, demonstrating an accessory renal artery to left kidney (a common normal variant). SSFP: Steady state free precession; MRA: Magnetic resonance angiography.