Novel endoscopic hybrid technique in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of hybrid technique technology operation. A: Extraspinal soft tissue exfoliation and hemostasis by high-energy radiofrequency probe [unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) mode]; B: Laminotomy by endoscopic drill (UBE mode); C: Preliminary ligamentum flavum resection by regular punch (UBE mode); D: Precise resection of ligamentum flavum endoscopic punch [uniportal endoscopic surgery (UES) mode]; E: Exchange portals and explore intraspinal tissue by nerve hook(Interchanged mode); F: Remove herniated nucleus pulposus by regular pituitary forceps and tract nerve root by stripper (hybrid technique mode); G: Intraspinal hemostasis using low-energy radiofrequency probe (UES mode); H: Examination before closure under enlarged surgical field (interchanged mode).