Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Orthop. Jun 18, 2025; 16(6): 106871
Published online Jun 18, 2025. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v16.i6.106871
Table 3 Functional outcomes at immediate post-operative, post-operative 3 months and 6 months
Parameter
Immediate post-operative
At 3 months
At 6 months
P value
Comparisons (P values)
Maximum elbow flexion (°)114.23 ± 8.57 (100-130)129.73 ± 7.05 (115-142)131.31 ± 7.72 (110-142)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: 0.104
Elbow extension deficit (°)68.15 ± 9.47 (45-82)11 ± 10.25 (0-32)6.5 ± 6.95 (0-24)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: 0.0003
Supination (°)39.77 ± 9.61 (20-60)71.38 ± 14.28 (30-92)75.88 ± 12.68 (45-92)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: 0.0002
Pronation (°)28.88 ± 6.9 (18-46)70.69 ± 11.22 (44-90)75.04 ± 9.57 (48-90)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: < 0.0001
PainSevere: 8 (30.77%), moderate: 14 (53.85%), mild: 4 (15.38%), none: 0 (0%)Severe: 0 (0%), moderate: 0 (0%), mild: 6 (23.08%), none: 20 (76.92%)Severe: 0 (0%), moderate: 0 (0%), mild: 4 (15.38%), none: 22 (84.62%)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: < 0.0001
Motion arc (°)46.08 ± 16.9 (18-85)118.73 ± 15.48 (88-142)124.81 ± 13.04 (86-142)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: 0.0001
Stability26 (100% stable)26 (100% stable)26 (100% stable)Not applicableNo changes observed
Activities of daily living score5.38 ± 4.88 (0-15)23.27 ± 3.45 (15-25)24.81 ± 0.98 (20-25)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: 0.683
Mayo elbow performance scorePoor: 22 (84.62%), fair: 4 (15.38%), good: 0, excellent: 0Poor: 0 (0%), fair: 3 (11.54%), good: 10 (38.46%), excellent: 13 (50%)Poor: 0 (0%), fair: 0 (0%), good: 4 (15.38%), excellent: 22 (84.62%)< 0.0001Immediate vs 3 months: < 0.0001; immediate vs 6 months: < 0.0001; 3 months vs 6 months: < 0.0001