Mobile phones in the orthopedic operating room: Microbial colonization and antimicrobial resistance

Table 4 Demographic/job related and cell phone related factors for Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species

Variable	Colonized cell phones (%)	Crude odds ratio	P value	Adjusted odds ratio	P value
Demographic/job related factors
Orthopedic surgeon			0.067		0.085
No	58.4	1		1
Yes	90.9	7.12 (0.87, 58.01)		6.47 (0.77, 54.15)
Anesthesia consultant			0.906
No	63.6	1
Yes	55	0.91 (0.30, 3.97)
Orthopedic residents			0.332
No	51	1
Yes	73.3	1.83 (0.54, 6.23)
Anesthesia resident			0.455
No	63.5	1
Yes	53.3	0.66 (0.22, 1.98)
Orthopedic technician			0.185		0.241
No	59	1		1
Yes	76.5	2.26 (0.68, 7.51)		2.10 (0.61, 7.28)
Anesthesia technician			0.009		0.043
No	67.9	1		1
Yes	31.3	0.22 (0.07, 0.68)		0.29 (0.09, 0.96)
Nursing staff			0.455
No	63.5	1
Yes	53.3	1.52 (0.50, 4.61)
Gender			0.682
Female	57.9	1
Male	63	1.24 (0.45, 3.42)
Age (yr)			0.951
< 30		1
30-50		0.78 (0.17, 3.58)
≥ 50		0.82 (0.18, 3.65)
Cell phone related factors
Type of cell phone			0.290
Basic phone	42.9	1
Smart phone	63.4	2.31 (0.49, 10.96)
Mobile cover			0.001		0.004
No	39.4	1		1
Yes	73.1	4.19 (1.73, 10.13)		8.31 (1.95, 35.40)
Keypad			0.414
No	63.3	1
Yes	50	1.73 (0.47, 6.41)
Cracked screen			0.395
No	65.5	1
Yes	57.1	0.70 (0.31, 1.59)
Cleans their cell phone			0.601
No	60	1
Yes	65.5	1.26 (0.53, 3.03)
Duration since last cell phone cleaning			0.013		0.032
< 24 h	51.5	1		1
≥ 24 h	86.4	5.82 (1.46, 23.17)		5.30 (1.16, 24.34)