Prognostic significance of tumor budding, desmoplastic reaction, and lymphocytic infiltration in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Tumor budding, desmoplastic reaction and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in relation to clinicopathological parameters in the whole group

Parameters	n	PTB1 (%)	PTB2 (%)	PTB3 (%)	ITB1 (%)	ITB2 (%)	ITB3 (%)	DR1 (%)	DR2 (%)	DR3 (%)	TILs (%)	TILs (%)
Age, yr
< 62.14 ± 12.00	64	11 (42.3)	25 (59.5)	28 (45.2)	15 (48.4)	14 (56.0)	35 (47.3)	29 (50.0)	20 (52.6)	15 (44.1)	34 (50.0)	30 (48.4)
≥ 62.14 ± 12.00	66	15 (57.7)	17 (40.5)	34 (54.8)	16 (51.6)	11 (44.0)	39 (52.7)	29 (50.0)	18 (47.4)	19 (55.9)	34 (50.0)	32 (51.6)
Gender
Male	77	16 (61.5)	26 (61.9)	35 (56.5)	18 (58.1)	19 (76.0)	40 (54.1)	43 (74.1)	23 (60.5)	11 (32.4)a	36 (52.9)	41 (66.1)
Female	53	10 (38.5)	16 (38.1)	27 (43.5)	13 (41.9)	6 (24.0)	34 (45.9)	15 (25.9)	15 (39.5)	23 (67.6)	32 (47.1)	21 (33.9)
Diameter
< 1.86 ± 1.02	84	16 (61.5)	29 (69.0)	39 (62.9)	16 (51.6)	19 (76.0)	49 (66.2)	34 (58.6)	28 (73.7)	22 (64.7)	47 (69.1)	37 (59.7)
≥ 1.86 ± 1.02	46	10 (38.5)	13 (31.0)	23 (37.1)	15 (48.4)	6 (24.0)	25 (33.8)	24 (41.4)	10 (26.3)	12 (35.3)	21 (30.9)	25 (40.3)
Invasion
T1	7	5 (19.2)	2 (4.8)	0b	4 (12.9)	1 (4.0)	2 (2.7)	3 (5.2)	3 (7.9)	1 (2.9)	4 (5.9)	3 (4.8)
T2	39	4 (15.4)	15 (35.7)	20 (32.3)	12 (38.7)	8 (32.0)	19 (25.7)	22 (37.9)	9 (23.7)	8 (23.5)	18 (26.5)	21 (33.9)
T3	52	11 (42.3)	15 (35.7)	26 (41.9)	10 (32.3)	6 (24.0)	36 (48.6)	25 (43.1)	16 (42.1)	11 (32.4)	27 (39.7)	25 (40.3)
T4	32	6 (23.1)	10 (23.8)	16 (25.8)	5 (16.1)	10 (40.0)	17 (23.0)	8 (13.8)	10 (26.3)	14 (41.2)	19 (27.9)	13 (21.0)
LNM
Absent	82	23 (88.5)	29 (69.0)	30 (48.4)a	29 (93.5)	16 (64.0)	37 (50.0)a	43 (74.1)	23 (60.5)	16 (47.1)c	38 (55.9)	44 (71.0)
Present	48	3 (11.5)	13 (31.0)	32 (51.6)	2 (6.5)	9 (36.0)	37 (50.0)	15 (25.9)	15 (39.5)	18 (52.9)	30 (44.1)	18 (29.0)
Metastasis
Absent	106	26 (100.0)	31 (73.8)	49 (79.0)c	21 (67.7)	23 (92.0)	62 (83.8)	49 (84.5)	33 (86.8)	24 (70.6)	55 (80.9)	51 (82.3)
Present	24	-	11 (26.2)	13 (21.0)	10 (32.3)	2 (8.0)	12 (16.2)	9 (15.5)	5 (13.2)	10 (29.4)	13 (19.1)	11 (17.7)
Stage
I	21	11 (42.3)	9 (21.4)	1 (1.6)a	10 (32.3)	6 (24.0)	5 (6.8)a	13 (22.4)	6 (15.8)	2 (5.9)	13 (19.1)	8 (12.9)
II	38	6 (23.1)	12 (28.6)	20 (32.3)	8 (25.8)	4 (16.0)	26 (35.1)	20 (34.5)	11 (28.9)	7 (20.6)	18 (26.5)	20 (32.3)
III	48	8 (30.8)	11 (26.2)	29 (46.8)	3 (9.7)	14 (56.0)	31 (41.9)	16 (27.6)	15 (39.5)	17 (50.0)	24 (35.3)	24 (38.7)
IV	23	1 (3.8)	10 (23.8)	12 (19.4)	10 (32.3)	1 (4.0)	12 (16.2)	9 (15.5)	6 (15.8)	8 (23.5)	13 (19.1)	10 (16.1)
Subtype
Intestinal	100	24 (92.4)	39 (92.9)	37 (59.7)a	30 (96.8)	21 (84.0)	49 (66.2)b	47 (81.0)	28 (73.7)	25 (73.5)	52 (76.5)	48 (77.4)
Diffuse	19	1 (3.8)	3 (7.1)	15 (24.2)	1 (3.2)	2 (8.0)	16 (21.6)	8 (13.8)	4 (10.5)	7 (20.6)	10 (17.7)	9 (14.5)
Mixed	11	1 (3.8)	0	10 (16.1)	0	2 (8.0)	9 (12.2)	3 (5.2)	6 (15.8)	2 (5.9)	6 (8.8)	5 (8.1)
LVI
Absent	89	14 (53.8)	28 (66.7)	47 (75.8)	16 (51.6)	19 (76.0)	54 (73.0)	39 (67.2)	24 (63.2)	26 (76.5)	45 (66.2)	44 (71.0)
Present	41	12 (46.2)	14 (33.3)	15 (24.2)	15 (48.4)	6 (24.0)	20 (27.0)	19 (32.8)	14 (36.8)	8 (23.5)	23 (33.8)	18 (29.0)
PNI
Absent	94	16 (61.5)	28 (66.7)	50 (80.6)	18 (58.1)	19 (76.0)	57 (77.0)	43 (74.1)	25 (65.8)	26 (76.5)	52 (76.5)	42 (67.7)
Present	36	10 (38.5)	14 (33.3)	12 (19.4)	13 (49.0)	6 (24.0)	11 (23.0)	15 (25.9)	13 (34.2)	8 (23.5)	16 (23.5)	20 (32.3)
Survival
Deceased	100	9 (34.6)	29 (69.0)	62 (100.0)a	8 (25.8)	20 (80.0)	72 (97.3)a	40 (69.0)	29 (76.3)	31 (91.2)	56 (82.4)	44 (71.0)
Alive	30	17 (65.4)	13 (31.0)	0	23 (74.2)	5 (20.0)	2 (2.7)	18 (31.0)	9 (23.7)	3 (8.8)	12 (17.6)	18 (29.0)
PTB
PTB1	26	-	-	-	17 (54.8)	3 (12.0)	6 (8.1)a	15 (25.9)	8 (21.1)	3 (8.8)d	10 (14.7)	16 (25.8)b
PTB2	42	-	-	-	14 (45.2)	18 (72.0)	10 (13.5)	24 (41.4)	12 (31.6)	6 (17.7)	17 (25.0)	25 (40.3)
PTB3	62	-	-	-	0	4 (16.0)	58 (78.4)	19 (32.8)	18 (47.4)	25 (73.5)	41 (60.3)	21 (33.9)
ITB
ITB1	31	-	-	-	-	-	-	21 (36.2)	8 (21.1)	2 (5.9)d	9 (13.2)	22 (35.5)d
ITB2	25	-	-	-	-	-	-	13 (22.4)	6 (15.8)	6 (17.6)	13 (19.2)	12 (19.4)
ITB3	74	-	-	-	-	-	-	24 (41.4)	24 (63.2)	26 (76.5)	46 (67.6)	28 (45.1)
DR
DR1	58	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	22 (32.4)	36 (58.0)b
DR2	38	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	24 (35.2)	14 (22.6)
DR3	34	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	22 (32.4)	12 (19.4)

^aP < 0.001.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.05.

^dP < 0.01.

N: Number of cases; PTB: Peritumoral budding; ITB: Intra-tumoral budding; DR: Desmoplastic reaction; TILs: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; PNI: Perineural invasion; LNM: Lymph node metastasis.