Current status of low dose multi-detector CT in the urinary tract

Table 2 Radiation dose, scanning parameters, and diagnostic performances of computed tomography examination using low dose protocols in urolithiasis

Authors	Yr	Low dose CT protocols					Diagnostic performance			Effective dose (mSv)
		CT scanner	kVp	mA (mAs)	Pitch	S.T. (mm)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Accuracy (%)
Liu et al[7]	2000	SDCT	120	(280)	2	7	97	96	97	2.8
Meagher et al[8]	2001	SDCT, 4MDCT	120-130	63-130	1.4-1.8	5	93	NA	NA	3.5 (2.8-4.5)
Hamm et al[9]	2002	4MDCT	120	70	2	5	96	97	NA	1.5
Heneghan et al[10]	2003	SDCT	140	100 (76)	1.5	5	NA	NA	90-94	6.4
		4MDCT			0.75					11
Tack et al[11]	2003	4MDCT	120	(30)	1.5	3	90-95	94-100	93-98	1.2-1.9
Knöpfle et al[12]	2003	4MDCT	120	70	2	5	98	97	NA	0.97 (male)/ 1.35 (female)
Kluner et al[13]	2006	16MDCT	120	20 (6.9)	1.43	5	97	95	NA	0.5-0.7
Poletti et al[14]	2007	4MDCT	120	74 (30)	1.25	5	86-96	97-100	NA	NA

CT: Computed tomography; SDCT: Single-detector row CT; MDCT: Multi-detector row CT; NA: Non applicable; S.T.: Slice thickness; mSv: MiliSivert.