Left and right ventricular echocardiographic patterns in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: An exploratory retrospective study

Figure 2 Exploratory receiver-operating characteristic curves in relation to in-hospital mortality. A: Exploratory receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves for right ventricular parameters in relation to in-hospital mortality; B: Exploratory ROC curves for left ventricular parameters and systolic velocity at the lateral mitral annulus/systolic velocity at the lateral tricuspid annulus ratio in relation to in-hospital mortality. E/E’ is ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity. AUC: Area under the curve; TAPSE: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; S RV: Right ventricular systolic annular velocity; RV-RA gradient: Right ventricle-right atrium pressure gradient; TAPSE/RV-RA gradient: Ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to right ventricle-right atrium pressure gradient; LVOT: Left ventricular outflow tract; VTI: Velocity-time integral; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; S LV/S RV: Ratio of left ventricular to right ventricular systolic annular velocity. The authors used ChatGPT (version GPT-5.1, OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, United States) to assist in generating the graphical representations of the study data included in Figure 2. All AI-assisted graphical content was reviewed, verified, and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the final figures.