Beyond initial recovery: Heart failure with transient vs sustained improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction

Table 5 Medications at baseline and at second follow-up

Variable	Transient improvement (n = 39)	Sustained improvement (n = 136)	P value
Baseline (Echo-1)
Beta-blockers	19 (48.7)	78 (57.4)	0.37
ACEI/ARB	25 (64.1)	81 (59.6)	0.71
MRA	2 (5.1)	29 (21.3)	0.02
Diuretics	13 (33.3)	62 (45.6)	0.20
HDZ/ISDN	1 (2.6)	4 (2.9)	1.00
Ivabradine	0 (0)	6 (4.4)	0.34
Digoxin	0 (0)	9 (6.6)	0.21
Antiplatelet therapy	24 (61.5)	78 (57.4)	0.71
LLA	24 (61.5)	72 (52.9)	0.38
Iron (IV)	7 (17.9)	17 (12.5)	0.43
Inotropes (hospital)	4 (10.3)	23 (16.9)	0.45
Second follow-up (Echo-3)
Beta-blockers	36 (92.3)	126 (95.5)	0.43
ACEI/ARB	30 (76.9)	110 (80.9)	0.58
MRA	13 (33.3)	54 (40.9)	0.46
Diuretics	31 (79.5)	99 (75.0)	0.67
HDZ/ISDN	4 (10.3)	10 (7.6)	0.53
Ivabradine	3 (7.7)	11 (8.3)	1.00
Digoxin	2 (5.1)	7 (5.3)	1.00
Antiplatelet therapy	34 (87.2)	97 (73.5)	0.09
Lipid-lowering agents	36 (92.3)	106 (80.3)	0.08
Iron (IV)	4 (10.3)	5 (3.7)	0.12
Inotropes (hospital)	3 (7.7)	3 (2.2)	0.13

Echo-1: First (or baseline) echocardiogram; Echo-3: Third echocardiographic; ACEI: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blockers; HDZ: Hydralazine; ISDN: Isosorbide dinitrate; IV: Intravenous; MRA: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; LLA: XXX.