Beyond initial recovery: Heart failure with transient vs sustained improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction

Table 3 Laboratory blood tests of the included patients

Variable	Transient improvement (n = 39)	Sustained improvement (n = 136)	P value
Baseline (Echo-1)
NT-pro-BNP (pg/mL)	5106.63 ± 6035.19 (n = 27)	4730.48 ± 6792.82 (n = 93)	0.80
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.16 ± 2.22 (n = 38)	14.20 ± 12.89 (n = 132)	0.62
Urea (mmol/L)	8.16 ± 4.53 (n = 38)	7.15 ± 4.17 (n = 133)	0.20
Creatinine (µmol/L)	120.03 ± 56.87 (n = 38)	113.55 ± 114.84 (n = 132)	0.74
eGFR (mL/min)	66.47 ± 27.79 (n = 38)	79.68 ± 33.27 (n = 132)	0.03
HbA1c (%)	8.38 ± 2.34 (n = 26)	7.54 ± 2.19 (n = 102)	0.09
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.69 ± 0.92 (n = 35)	2.57 ± 1.18 (n = 120)	0.56
Iron (µmol/L)	8.87 ± 3.69 (n = 10)	10.43 ± 6.49 (n = 37)	0.47
TSAT (%)	16.77 ± 5.42 (n = 10)	20.37 ± 15.74 (n = 35)	0.48
Ferritin (ug/L)	325.75 ± 347.95 (n = 8)	208.50 ± 277.71 (n = 30)	0.32
TSH (pmol/L)	1.76 ± 1.51 (n = 22)	2.38 ± 2.18 (n = 92)	0.21
T4 (mIU/L)	13.51 ± 1.70 (n = 23)	14.87 ± 3.58 (n = 87)	0.08
Second follow-up (Echo-3)
NT-pro-BNP (pg/mL)	7672.15 ± 13459.32 (n = 27)	3184.52 ± 6564.79 (n = 81)	0.11
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	12.23 ± 2.25 (n = 37)	12.87 ± 2.08 (n = 120)	0.11
Urea (mmol/L)	10.28 ± 7.27 (n = 38)	8.50 ± 8.94 (n = 125)	0.26
Creatinine (µmol/L)	142.84 ± 88.49 (n = 38)	127.25 ± 126.01 (n = 128)	0.48
eGFR (mL/min)	59.89 ± 28.49 (n = 38)	70.35 ± 29.24 (n = 127)	0.05
HbA1c (%)	7.66 ± 2.04 (n = 33)	7.90 ± 4.88 (n = 103)	0.79
LDL-C (mmol/L)	1.81 ± 0.99 (n = 33)	2.03 ± 0.93 (n = 99)	0.25
Iron (µmol/L)	9.64 ± 4.33 (n = 18)	11.23 ± 6.24 (n = 41)	0.33
TSAT (%)	17.44 ± 8.69 (n = 18)	23.48 ± 16.53 (n = 41)	0.15
Ferritin (ug/L)	276.17 ± 489.76 (n = 14)	244.41 ± 429.58 (n = 30)	0.83
TSH (pmol/L)	2.43 ± 1.45 (n = 22)	3.22 ± 3.12 (n = 83)	0.26
T4 (mIU/L)	15.73 ± 2.23 (n = 19)	15.05 ± 3.86 (n = 73)	0.46

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Echo-1: First (or baseline) echocardiogram; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; Echo-3: Third echocardiogram; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; T4: Thyroxine hormone; TSAT: Transferrin saturation; TSH: Thyroid-stimulating hormone.