Beyond initial recovery: Heart failure with transient vs sustained improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction

Table 2 Vital signs and electrocardiographic measures of the included patients

Variable	Transient improvement (n = 39)	Sustained improvement (n = 136)	P value
Baseline (Echo-1), mean ± SD
Systolic BP (mmHg)	124.38 ± 22.41	125.30 ± 20.1 (n = 134)	0.81
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	72.64 ± 12.36	75.97 ± 12.99 (n = 134)	0.16
Heart rate (bpm)	86.43 ± 18.02 (n = 37)	89.69 ± 19.12 (n = 132)	0.36
Achieved target BP	26 (66.7)	87 (64.9)	1.00
Sinus rhythm	28 (90.3)	103 (86.6)	0.77
LBBB	7 (14.1)	19 (17.1)	0.42
QRS (ms), mean ± SD	109.45 ± 26.29 (n = 29)	109.43 ± 44.04 (n = 129)	1.0
QTc (ms), mean ± SD	468.86 ± 43.48 (n = 29)	462.84 ± 52.19 (n = 109)	0.57
Second follow-up (Echo-3), mean ± SD
Systolic BP (mmHg)	127.87 ± 21.43	133.47 ± 98.18 (n = 129)	0.73
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	73.85 ± 13.62	73.81 ± 11.49 (n = 129)	0.99
Heart rate (bpm)	79.41 ± 15.45	72.84 ± 12.90 (n = 128)	0.02
Achieved target BP	26 (66.7)	90 (69.8)	0.67
Sinus rhythm	33 (89.2)	111 (88.8)	1.00
LBBB	7 (19.4)	21 (17.4)	0.81
QRS (ms), mean ± SD	112.00 ± 26.87 (n = 37)	110.07 ± 26.34 (n = 120)	0.70
QTc (ms), mean ± SD	455.08 ± 31.57 (n = 37)	448.91 ± 42.92 (n = 120)	0.35

Data are presented as n (%). Echo-1: First (or baseline) echocardiogram; BP: Blood pressure; bpm: Beats per minute; LBBB: Left bundle branch block; QTc: Corrected QT interval; QRS: QRS complex duration; Echo-3: Third echocardiogram; SD: Standard deviation.