Teng TZJ, Thong XR, Lau KY, Balasubramaniam S, Shelat VG. Acute appendicitis–advances and controversies. World J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 13(11): 1293-1314 [PMID: 34950421 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i11.1293]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Vishal G Shelat, FRCS (Gen Surg), Adjunct Professor, Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore. vgshelat@rediffmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Surgery
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Surg. Nov 27, 2021; 13(11): 1293-1314 Published online Nov 27, 2021. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i11.1293
Acute appendicitis–advances and controversies
Thomas Zheng Jie Teng, Xuan Rong Thong, Kai Yuan Lau, Sunder Balasubramaniam, Vishal G Shelat
Thomas Zheng Jie Teng, Xuan Rong Thong, Kai Yuan Lau, Sunder Balasubramaniam, Vishal G Shelat, Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
Thomas Zheng Jie Teng, Xuan Rong Thong, Kai Yuan Lau, Vishal G Shelat, Department of Undergraduate Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore 308232, Singapore
Author contributions: Teng TZJ, Thong XR, Lau KY, Balasubramaniam S, and VG Shelat contributed to the paper's conception and contributed to the writing of the paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Vishal G Shelat, FRCS (Gen Surg), Adjunct Professor, Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore. vgshelat@rediffmail.com
Received: May 18, 2021 Peer-review started: May 18, 2021 First decision: June 5, 2021 Revised: June 24, 2021 Accepted: September 29, 2021 Article in press: September 29, 2021 Published online: November 27, 2021
Core Tip
Core Tip: Many controversies exist for the management of acute appendicitis (AA). Imaging modalities complement the clinical examination in AA diagnosis. Various imaging features of different imaging modalities should be considered to reduce diagnostic inaccuracies. Various diagnostic scoring systems augment clinical judgment, but uncertainty exists about the best score. Non-operative management of both uncomplicated and complicated AA is possible and reasonable, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Intra-operative techniques of securing the base of the appendix stump via suture, clips, or stapling devices are all debated for superiority. Adjuncts and novel treatment ideas using endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy are emerging.
