Genetic perspectives on childhood monogenic diabetes: Diagnosis, management, and future directions

Table 1 General classification of diabetes

Type of diabetes	Causes and characteristics
Type 1	Insulin insufficiency is caused by the autoimmune destruction of β-cells
Type 2	Insulin resistance and inadequate secretion of insulin
Gestational	Diagnosed in 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy
Monogenic	Due to genetic variation in one or multiple genes leading to maternally-inherited diabetes and deafness, mature-onset diabetes of the young, and Neonatal diabetes