Robotic rectal surgery: State of the art

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v8.i11.757

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Nov 15, 2016; 8(11): 757-771
Published online Nov 15, 2016. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i11.757

Table 7 Histopathological data

Ref.	Pts	Mesorectum	Harvested nodes	Quality of mesorectum (complete)	Proximal margin (mm)	Distal margin (mm)	Distal margin+ (%)	CRM (mm)	CRM + (%)	pTpN stage (%)
Ref.	Pts	Mesorectum	Harvested nodes	Quality of mesorectum (complete)	Proximal margin (mm)	Distal margin (mm)	Distal margin+ (%)	CRM (mm)	CRM + (%)	0	1	2	3	4
Park et al[8]	133	RME	16.34 (2-43)	-	111.7 (40-350)	27.5 (10-140)	0 (0)	-	9 (6.8)	0 (0)	49 (36.8)	36 (27.1)	48 (36.1)	0 (0)
Park et al[8]	84	LME	16.63 (2-49)	-	105.1 (40-340)	28.7 (10-90)	0 (0)	-	6 (7.1)	0 (0)	22 (26.2)	28 (33.3)	34 (40.5)	0 (0)
Levic et al[9]	56	RME	21 (7-83)¹	34	-	30 (5-80)	1 (0.56)	9 (0-60)¹	-	3 (5.4)	12 (21.4)	20 (35.7)	21 (37.5)	0 (0)
Levic et al[9]	36	LME	13 (3-33)¹	26	-	30 (5-75)	0 (0)	10 (1-43)¹	-	1 (2.8)	6 (16.7)	15 (41.7)	14 (38.8)	0 (0)
Yoo et al[10]	44	RME	13.93 (+ 9.27)	-	225.2 (+ 102.5)	13.3 (+ 9.7)	-	-	4 (9.1)	5 (11.4)	14 (31.8)	11 (25)	9 (20.5)	5 (11.4)
Yoo et al[10]	26	LME	21.42 (+ 15.71)	-	208.4 (+ 89.5)	16.7 (+ 30)	-	-	5 (19.2)	1 (3.8)	7 (26.9)	8 (30.8)	8 (30.8)	2 (7.7)
Koh et al[11]	19	RME	16 (4-24)¹	19	-	-	1 (5.2)	-	1 (5.2)	2(10.5)	3 (15.7)	4 (21)	9 (47.3)	1 (5.2)
Koh et al[11]	19	LME	14 (5-27)¹	19	-	-	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	5 (26.3)	4 (21)	9 (47.3)	1 (5.2)
Melich et al[12]	92	RME	17.2 (15-19.5)	-	-	-	1 (1.1)	-	3 (3.3)	-	-	-	-	-
Melich et al[12]	106	LME	16.3 (14.4-18.1)	-	-	-	0 (0)	-	3 (2.8)	-	-	-	-	-
Barnajian et al[13]	20	RME	14 (3-22)¹	16	-	20.5 (5-50)¹	-	10.5 (1-30)¹	-	0 (0)	6 (40)	4 (25)	10 (35)	0 (0)
	20	LME	11 (4-18)¹	19	-	21.5 (1-55)¹	-	4 (0-30)¹	-	0 (0)	7 (35)	3 (15)	10 (50)	0 (0)
	20	OME	12 (4-20)¹	19	-	20.5 (1-45)¹	-	8 (0-30)¹	-	0 (0)	8 (40)	3 (15)	9 (45)	0 (0)
Ielpo et al[14]	56	RME	10 (0-29)	-	-	-	-	-	2 (3.6)	0 (0)	14 (25)	21 (37.5)	21 (37.5)	0 (0)
Ielpo et al[14]	87	LME	9 (0-17)	-	-	-	-	-	2 (2.3)	0 (0)	19 (21.8)	38 (43.6)	30 (34.5)	0 (0)
Tam et al[15]	21	RME	19.7 (8-40)	-	-	460 (10-180)	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	2 (10)	5 (24)	4 (19)	9 (43)	1 (5)
Tam et al[15]	21	LME	14.8 (8-21)	-	-	510 (5-80)	1 (5)	-	1 (5%)	3 (14)	7 (33)	4 (19)	7 (33)	0 (0)
Ghezzi et al[16]	65	RME	20.1	-	-	27 (16-44)	-	-	0 (0)	10 (15.4)	5 (7.7)	17 (26.2)	27 (41.5)	6 (9.2)
Ghezzi et al[16]	109	OME	14.1	-	-	22 (15-30)	-	-	2 (1.8)	15 (13.8)	10 (9.2)	38 (34.9)	42 (38.5)	4 (3.7)
Kuo et al[17]	36	RME	14 (2-33)	-	-	22 (4-42)	0 (0)	6.7 (0-18)	4 (11.1)	7 (19.4)	4 (11.1)	11 (30.5)	14 (38.8)	0 (0)
Kuo et al[17]	28	LME	13.9 (3-31)	-	-	17.9 (1-60)	1 (3.6)	7 (0-16)	4 (14.2)	6 (21.4)	2 (7.1)	8 (28.6)	12 (42.8)	0 (0)
Park et al[18]	32	RME	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Park et al[18]	32	LME	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Saklani et al[19]	74	RME	11.6 (1-36)	-	128 (50-240)	17 (1-60)	-	-	3 (4)	18 (24.3)	16 (21.6)	22 (29.7)	18 (24.3)	0 (0)
Saklani et al[19]	64	LME	14.7 (1-27)	-	140 (55-280)	22 (2-70)	-	-	1 (1.6)	8 (12.5)	13 (20.3)	23 (35.9)	20 (31.3)	0 (0)
Fernandez et al[20]	13	RME	16	9	-	-	0 (0)	-	0 (0)		-	-	-	-
Fernandez et al[20]	59	LME	20	24	-	-	1 (2)	-	1 (2)		-	-	-	-
Erguner et al[21]	27	RME	16 (3-38)	19	120 (40-180)	40 (30-80)	0 (0)	4 (2-8)	-	0 (0)	15 (55.5)	11 (40.7)	1 (3.7)	0 (0)
Erguner et al[21]	37	LME	16 (3-31)	17	140 (45-230)	25 (5-50)	0 (0)	4 (1-10)	-	0 (0)	17 (46)	16 (43.2)	4 (10.8)	0 (0)
D’Annibale et al[22]	50	RME	16.5 (11-44)	-	-	30 (20-70)	-	-	0 (0)	-	-	-	-	-
D’Annibale et al[22]	50	LME	13.8 (4-29)	-	-	30 (10-60)	-	-	6 (12)	-	-	-	-	-
Kang et al[23]	165	RME	15 (+ 9.4)	-	120 (+ 49)	19 (+ 14)	0 (0)	-	7 (4.2)	4 (2.4)	56 (33.9)	51 (30.9)	54 (32.7)	0 (0)
	165	LME	15.6 (+ 9.1)	-	113 (+ 51)	20 (+ 17)	0 (0)	-	11 (6.7)	9 (5.4)	55 (33.1)	47 (28.5)	54 (32.7)	0 (0)
	165	OME	17.4 (+ 10.9)	-	114 (+ 55)	22 (+ 17)	0 (0)	-	17 (10.3)	14 (8.5)	55 (33.3)	41 (24.8)	55 (33.3)	0 (0)
Kim et al[25]	62	RME	16 (+ 10)	-	-	30 (+ 14)	-	-	2 (3.2)	4 (6.5)	17 (27.4)	16 (25.8)	24 (38.7)	0 (0)
Kim et al[25]	147	LME	16 (+ 9)	-	-	25 (+ 16)	-	-	4 (2.7)	6 (4.1)	55 (37.7)	35 (24)	46 (31.5)	4 (2.7)
Park et al[24]	40	RME	12.9 (+7.5)	-	198 (+ 69)	14 (+ 9)	0 (0)	6.2 (4.7)	3 (7.5)	0 (0)	19 (47.5)	9 (22.5)	11 (27.7)	1 (2.5)
Park et al[24]	40	LME	13.3 (+8.6)	-	213 (+ 139)	13 (+ 9)	0 (0)	6.9 (5.1)	2 (5)	0 (0)	13 (32.5)	15 (37.5)	11 (27.5)	1 (2.5)
Kim et al[26]	30	RME	-	29	-	27.9 (+ 10.2)	0 (0)	-	2 (6)	-	-	-	-	-
Kim et al[26]	39	LME	-	37	-	28.6 (+ 13.6)	0 (0)	-	1 (2.5)	-	-	-	-	-
Bertani et al[27]	52	RME	20.5 (5-43)¹	-	-	26 (1-70)	-	-	2 (4)	-	-	-	-	-
Bertani et al[27]	34	OME	16 (6-46)¹	-	-	26 (1-80)	-	-	2 (6)	-	-	-	-
Kwak et al[28]	59	RME	20 (12-27)¹	-	-	22 (15-30)	0 (0)	-	1 (1.7)	3 (5.1)	16 (27.1)	23 (39)	13 (22)	4 (6.8)
Kwak et al[28]	59	LME	21 (14-28)¹	-	-	20 (12-35)	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	3 (5.1)	16 (27.1)	23 (39)	12 (20.3)	5 (8.5)
Baek et al[29]	41	RME	13.1 (3.33)	-	-	36 (4-100)	0 (0)	-	1 (2.4)	7 (17.1)	12 (29.3)	4 (9.8)	15 (36.6)	3 (7.3)
Baek et al[29]	41	LME	16.2 (5-39)	-	-	38 (4-110)	0 (0)	-	2 (4.9)	3 (7.3)	15 (36.6)	3 (7.3)	19 (46.3)	1 (2.4)
Park et al[30]	52	RME	19.4 (+ 10.2)	-	165 (+ 60)	28 (+ 19)	0 (0)	7.9 (+ 4.5)	1 (1.9)	0 (0)	15 (28.8)	15 (28.8)	22 (42.3)	0 (0)
	123	LME	15.9 (+ 10.1)	-	169 (+ 84)	32 (+ 21)	0 (0)	8.2 (+ 5.8)	3 (2.4)	0 (0)	34 (27.6)	52 (42.3)	37 (30.1)	0 (0)
	88	OME	18.5 (+ 10.9)	-	124 (+ 66)	23 (+ 15)	0 (0)	8.5 (+ 5.7)	2 (2.3)	0 (0)	27 (30.7)	32 (36.4)	29 (33)	0 (0)
Patriti et al[31]	29	RME	10.3 (+ 4)	-	-	21 (+ 9)	-	-	-	0 (0)	11 (38)	9 (31)	7 (24.1)	2 (6.9)
Patriti et al[31]	37	LME	11.2 (+ 5)	-	-	45 (+ 72)	-	-	-	0 (0)	17 (46)	8 (21.6)	10 (27.2)	2 (5.4)
Baik et al[32]	18	RME	20 (6-49)	17	109 (75-200)	40 (10-55)	-		-	0 (0)	5 (27.8)	4 (22.2)	9 (50)	0 (0)
Baik et al[32]	18	LME	17.4 (9-42)	13	103 (55-85)	37 (15-60)	-	-	-	0 (0)	5 (27.8)	4 (22.2)	9 (50)	0 (0)
Pigazzi et al[33]	6	RME	14 (9-28)	-	-	38 (18-90)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pigazzi et al[33]	6	LME	17 (9-39)	-	-	35 (22-50)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Parisi et al[34]	40	RME	19 (6-35)¹	32	118.5 (65-390)¹	40 (20-80)¹	0 (0)	-	-	2 (5)	10 (25)	9 (22.5)	19 (47.5)	0 (0)
Baek et al[35]	182	RME	14.8 (2-47)	-	-	22 (+ 14.3)	-	-	10 (5.5)	5 (2.7)	57 (31.3)	52 (28.5)	62 (34)	6 (3.3)
Shiomi et al[36]	113	RME	32 (11-112)¹	113	180 (65-376)	26 (5-100)	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	5 (4.4)	35 (31)	28 (24.7)	38 (33.6)	7 (6.2)
Kim et al[37]	200	RME	16.1	-	132.5	22	0 (0)	-	2 (1)	-	-	-	-	-
Stănciulea et al[38]	100	RME	14 (4-32)¹	-	-	30 (2-70)¹	-	-	-	5 (5)	24 (24)	43 (43)	21 (21)	7 (7)
Stănciulea et al[38]	77	RME	12.9 (3-45)	-	-	-	2 (2.6)	-	1 (1.2)	26 (34)	8 (10)	15 (19)	26 (34)	2 (3)
Sng et al[40]	197	RME	16 (1-80)¹	-	-	17 (0-8.3)¹	-	-	2 (2.5)	-	-	-	-	-
Du et al[41]	22	RME	14.3 (8-27)¹	19	-	26 (10-55)	-	-	-	0 (0)	1 (4.5)	9 (40.9)	12 (54.5)	0 (0)
Alimoglu et al[42]	7	RME	16 (14-21)	-	-	-	-	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (42.8)	1 (14.2)	3 (42.8)	0 (0)
Akmal et al[43]	80	RME	14.2 (2-33)	-	-	32.5 (2-100)	-	1.8 (0-45)	-	15 (18.8)	20 (25)	12 (15)	27 (33.8)	5 (6.3)
Park et al[44]	30	RME	20 (14-25)¹	25	-	-	-	11 (5-20)	0 (0)	6 (20)	7 (23.3)	4 (13.3)	10 (33.3)	3 (10)
Kang et al[45]	389	RME	15.7 (+ 10)	-	11.7	2.15	-	-	14 (3.6)	24 (6.2)	122 (31.4)	103 (26.5)	140 (36)	0 (0)
deSouza et al[46]	44	RME	14 (5-45)	-	-	-	1 (2.7)	-	0 (0)	4 (9.1)	14 (31.8)	15 (34.1)	8 (18.2)	3 (6.8)
Pigazzi et al[47]	143	RME	14.1 (1-39)	-	-	29 (0-100)	-	19 (1-45)	1 (0.7)	18 (12.6)	36 (25.2)	36 (25.2)	53 (37)	0 (0)
Choi et al[48]	50	RME	20.6 (6-48)	-	-	19 (5-45)	0 (0)	-	1 (2)	0 (0)	10 (20)	19 (38)	19 (38)	2 (4)
Ng et al[49]	8	RME	15 (2-26)¹	-	-	-	-	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	3 (37.5)	2 (25)	2 (25)	0
Hellan et al[50]	39	RME	13 (7-28)¹	-	-	26.5 (4-75)¹	0 (0)	-	0 (0)	8 (20.5)	13 (33.3)	4 (10.3)	13 (33.3)	1 (2.6)

¹Median. RME: Robotic mesorectal excision; LME: Laparoscopic mesorectal excision; OME: Open mesorectal excision.

Citation: Staderini F, Foppa C, Minuzzo A, Badii B, Qirici E, Trallori G, Mallardi B, Lami G, Macrì G, Bonanomi A, Bagnoli S, Perigli G, Cianchi F. Robotic rectal surgery: State of the art. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8(11): 757-771
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v8/i11/757.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v8.i11.757