Intensive care unit outcomes and prognostic factors of esophageal cancer: A cross-sectional study in Chinese cancer-specialized hospitals

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i8.106688

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2025; 17(8): 106688
Published online Aug 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i8.106688

Table 1 Comparisons of characteristics between intensive care unit esophageal cancer patients with different 90 days survival outcomes, n (%)

Variables	All (n = 180)	Survived at 90 days (n = 140)	90 days death (n = 40)	P value
Demographics
Age (year), mean ± SD	66.4 ± 7.9	66.0 ± 7.7	67.8 ± 8.5	0.207
Gender
Female	45 (25.0)	38 (27.1)	7 (17.5)	0.214
Male	135 (75.0)	102 (72.9)	33 (82.5)
BMI (kg/m²), median (IQR)	22.3 (19.5, 24.3)	22.7 (20.5, 24.5)	20.6 (18.3, 22.7)	0.001^a
BMI classification				0.002^a
Underweight (BMI < 18.5)	31 (17.2)	16 (11.7)	15 (34.9)
Normal (BMI 18.5-22.9)	82 (45.6)	63 (46.0)	19 (44.2)
Overweight (BMI 23-24.9)	34 (18.9)	29 (21.2)	5 (11.6)
Obese (BMI > 25)	33 (18.3)	29 (21.2)	4 (9.3)
Treatment history
Target therapy	6 (3.3)	3 (2.1)	3 (7.5)	0.125
Immunotherapy	23 (12.8)	14 (10.0)	9 (22.5)	0.037^a
Chemotherapy	53 (29.4)	40 (28.6)	13 (32.5)	0.631
Radiotherapy	17 (9.4)	10 (7.1)	7 (17.5)	0.064
Transferring source				< 0.001^a
Operation room	77 (42.8)	73 (52.1)	4 (10.0)
Emergency department	3 (1.7)	2 (1.4)	1 (2.5)
Clinical ward	100 (55.6)	65 (46.4)	35 (87.5)
Planned transfer	101 (56.1)	67 (47.9)	34 (85.0)	< 0.001^a
Elective or emergency surgery				< 0.001^a
No surgery	41 (22.8)	16 (11.4)	25 (62.5)
Elective	135 (75.0)	121 (86.4)	14 (35.0)
Emergency	4 (2.2)	3 (2.1)	1 (2.5)
Severity scores
SOFA, median (IQR)	3.0 (2.0, 5.0)	3.0 (2.0, 4.2)	4.0 (2.8, 7.0)	0.003^a
APACHE II, median (IQR)	11.5 (8.8, 16.0)	10.5 (8.0, 14.0)	16.0 (12.0, 21.0)	< 0.001^a
Fourth degree myelosuppression	17 (9.4)	8 (5.7)	9 (22.5)	0.004^a
ICU diagnosis
Sepsis	130 (72.2)	94 (67.1)	36 (90.0)	0.004^a
ARDS	40 (22.2)	25 (17.9)	15 (37.5)	0.008^a
Respiratory failure	102 (56.7)	74 (52.9)	28 (70.0)	0.054^a
AKI	6 (3.3)	1 (0.7)	5 (12.5)	0.002^a
Shock	47 (26.1)	25 (17.9)	22 (55.0)	< 0.001^a
Delirium	11 (6.1)	5 (3.6)	6 (1.0)	0.014^a
Anti-infection treatment
Carbapenems	68 (37.8)	43 (30.7)	25 (62.5)	< 0.001^a
β-lactam	83 (46.1)	65 (46.4)	18 (45.0)	0.873
Glycopeptides	27 (15.0)	19 (13.6)	8 (20.0)	0.315
Tigecycline	2 (1.1)	1 (0.7)	1 (2.5)	0.396
Echinocandins	8 (4.4)	3 (2.1)	5 (12.5)	0.014^a
Triazoles	16 (8.9)	9 (6.4)	7 (17.5)	0.052
Other treatment
Mechanical ventilation	103 (57.2)	75 (53.6)	28 (70.0)	0.064
Conventional oxygen therapy	147 (81.7)	129 (92.1)	18 (45.0)	< 0.001^a
Sedation treatment	85 (47.2)	57 (40.7)	28 (70.0)	0.001^a
ICU duration (days), median (IQR)	5 (3, 9)	5 (3.5, 8.5)	4 (3, 10)	0.560

^aP < 0.05.

BMI: Bosy mass index; IQR: Interquartile range; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; ICU: Intensive care unit; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; AKI: Acute kidney injury.

Citation: Tang JF, Xia R, Xing XZ, Wang CS, Ma G, Wang HZ, Zhu B, Zhao JH, Zhou DM, Zhang L, Huang MG, Quan RX, Ye Y, Zhang GX, Jiang ZY, Huang B, Xu SL, Xiao Y, Zhang LL, Lin RY, Ma SL, Qiu YA, Zheng Z, Sun N, Xian LW, Li J, Zhang M, Guo ZJ, Tao Y, Zhou XZ, Chen W, Wang DX, Chi JY, Wang DH, Liu KZ. Intensive care unit outcomes and prognostic factors of esophageal cancer: A cross-sectional study in Chinese cancer-specialized hospitals. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2025; 17(8): 106688
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v17/i8/106688.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i8.106688