Diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II in serum, bile, and feces in hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Analysis of the diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II in serum, bile, and feces in hepatocellular carcinoma

Samples	Indicators	Cut-off value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	AUC (95%CI)	P value
Serum	AFP, ng/mL	8.78	65.8	100.0	0.898 (0.859-0.938)	< 0.001
	PIVKA-II, mAU/mL	40.00	78.2	90.9	0.904 (0.866-0.942)	< 0.001
	CEA, ng/mL	5.00	10.5	100.0	0.621 (0.459-0.782)	0.159
	CA125, U/mL	35.00	7.6	66.7	0.506 (0.298-0.715)	0.940
	CA153, U/mL	31.3	1.9	100.0	0.628 (0.464-0.791)	0.137
	CA199, U/mL	37.00	11.4	100.0	0.604 (0.433-0.775)	0.225
Bile	AFP, ng/mL	1.32	61.2	100.0	0.859 (0.779-0.938)	< 0.001
	PIVKA-II, mAU/mL	59.50	35.9	80.0	0.526 (0.384-0.668)	0.725
	CEA, ng/mL	84.26	9.4	100.0	0.371 (0.179-0.563)	0.219
	CA125, U/mL	123.75	3.8	100.0	0.211 (0.048-0.374)	0.006
	CA153, U/mL	1.35	56.6	66.7	0.596 (0.407-0.786)	0.358
	CA199, U/mL	4.31	92.3	44.4	0.622 (0.394-0.850)	0.246
Feces	Fecal AFP, ng/mL	0.04	16.4	96.2	0.568 (0.452-0.684)	0.272
	Fecal PIVKA-II, mAU/mL	1469.20	5.7	96.2	0.402 (0.285-0.519)	0.115
	CEA, ng/mL	15001.00	0.0	100.0	0.431 (0.156-0.706)	0.659
	CA125, U/mL	23.25	6.9	100.0	0.297 (0.000-0.611)	0.195
	CA153, U/mL	1.85	17.2	100.0	0.522 (0.229-0.814)	0.890
	CA199, U/mL	8.64	62.1	75.0	0.575 (0.462-0.689)	0.659
Combination	Fecal AFP + fecal PIVKA-II	-0.0016	56.4	77.0	0.631 (0.514-0.748)	0.034
	Serum AFP + bile AFP	9.34	70.0	100.0	0.903 (0.843-0.964)	< 0.001
	Serum AFP + serum PIVKA-II	10.84	90.7	97.0	0.961 (0.940-0.983)	< 0.001
	Serum PIVKA-II + bile AFP	113.30	88.3	100.0	0.965 (0.933-0.996)	< 0.001
	Serum PIVKA-II + bile PIVKA-II	29.90	86.3	92.3	0.913 (0.860-0.967)	< 0.001
	Serum AFP + bile PIVKA-II	4.35	81.4	92.3	0.891 (0.827-0.956)	< 0.001
	Bile AFP+ bile PIVKA-II	1.09	60.2	100.0	0.871 (0.794-0.947)	< 0.001

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; AUC: Area under the curve; CA: Carbohydrate antigen; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CI: Confidence interval; PIVKA-II: Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II.