Novel tumor marker index combining carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9: New prognostic factor for metastatic colorectal cancer

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for progression-free survival

Variable	Univariate analyses	P value	Multivariate analyses	P value
	Median PFS (95%CI), month		HR (95%CI)
Age
≤ 65 years	15.9 (13.5-18.3)	0.29
> 65 years	13.9 (12.2-15.7)
Gender
Female	14.3 (11.1-17.5)	0.77
Male	14.5 (12.8-16.3)
ECOG-PS
0	14.7 (11.5-17.9)	0.18
1	15.9 (14.0-17.7)
2	10.1 (7.8-12.3)
3	25.1 (0.3-49.9)
BMI
≤ 25 kg/m2	13.9 (13.0-14.8)	0.08
> 25 kg/m2	19.9 (14.4-25.4)
Smoking history
No	14.5 (12.4-16.5)	0.69
Yes	14.4 (11.0-17.8)
Disease status
De novo metastatic	13.2 (12.5-14.6)	0.002a	Ref	0.71
Recurrent metastatic	23.7 (16.5-30.9)		0.90 (0.53-1.52)
History of adjuvant CT
No	13.5 (12.3-14.6)	0.004a	Ref	0.30
Yes	21.7 (16.0-27.4)		0.79 (0.44-1.22)
Liver metastasis
No	17.6 (8.7-26.5)	0.05
Yes	14.3 (13.1-15.5)
Lung metastasis
No	14.5 (12.5-16.5)	0.30
Yes	14.4 (11.9-16.9)
Bone metastasis
No	14.4 (12.8-16.0)	0.73
Yes	19.4 (11.1-27.7)
Peritoneal metastasis
No	14.4 (12.8-15,9)	0.28
Yes	17.5 (11.0-23.9)
Number of metastatic site
1	15.0 (13.0-17.0)	0.004a	Ref
2	15.8 (12.1-19.4)		1.92 (1.34-2.75)	< 0.001a
3	10.3 (8.4-12.1)		2.20 (1.44-3.36)	< 0.001a
4 and more	14.2 (3.4-24.9)		1.39 (0.93-2.09)	0.10
Isolated liver metastasis
No	14.5 (12.6-16.6)	0.68
Yes	14.3 (11.7-17.0)
History of metastasectomy
No	14.0 (11.9-16.0)	0.01a	Ref	0.06
Yes	16.9 (12.7-21.1)		0.71 (0.50-1.01)
Tumor location
Right side colon cancer	13.4 (11.4-15.4)	0.54
Left side colon cancer	17.3 (13.3-21.3)
Rectum cancer	13.5 (11.6-15.4)
KRAS
Wild	13.9 (12.6-15.2)	0.003a	Ref
Mutant	14.6 (12.3-16.8)		0.91 (0.66-1.23)	0.52
Unknown	28.7 (5.8-51.6)		0.51 (0.21-1.21)	0.13
NRAS
Wild	13.9 (12.8-15.0)	0.001a	Ref
Mutant	17.5 (0.00-47.5)		0.67 (0.36-1.26)	0.22
Unknown	25.1 (17.1-33.1)		0.77 (0.39-1.54)	0.47
BRAF
Wild	14.4 (12.8-15.9)	0.01a	Ref
Mutant	8.4 (0.0-17.0)		1.57 (0.81-3.04)	0.18
Unknown	20.4 (11.6-29.2)		1.21 (0.71-2.07)	0.48
MSI status
Microsatellite stable	14.3 (12.8-15.9)	0.30
MSI-high	- (-)
Unknown	16.0 (13.4-18.5)
GPS
0	18.3 (15.5-21.0)	0.07
1	13.9 (13.0-14.9)
2	12.6 (9.1-16.1)
NLR
< 2.76	16.5 (12.9-20.1)	0.17
≥ 2.76	13.9 (12.6-15.2)
TMI
< 1.39	16.0 (13.4-18.4)	0.84
≥ 1.39	14.0 (12.7-15.2)

^aP < 0.05.

PFS: Progression-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG-PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; BMI: Body mass index; CT: Chemotherapy; MSI: Microsatellite instability; GPS: Glasgow prognostic score; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; TMI: Tumor marker index.