Risk of cardiovascular death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma based on the Fine-Gray model

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.844

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Study

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Mar 15, 2024; 16(3): 844-856
Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.844

Table 1 Demographic as well as clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Characteristics	Labels	Participants, n (%)	Alive, n (%)	CVD deaths, n (%)
Age	< 60	7667 (35.59)	2142 (39.64)	143 (23.10)
Age	≥ 60	13878 (64.41)	3262 (60.36)	476 (76.90)
Sex	Male	16508 (76.62)	3955 (73.19)	487 (78.68)
Sex	Female	5037 (23.38)	1449 (26.81)	132 (21.32)
Race	White	14789 (68.64)	3558 (65.84)	441 (71.24)
	Black	2949 (13.69)	611 (11.31)	96 (15.51)
	Other	3807 (17.67)	1235 (22.85)	82 (13.25)
Marital status	Married	11408 (52. 95)	3315 (61.34)	292 (47.17)
	Unmarried	4778 (22.18)	1023 (18.93)	147 (23.75)
	DSW	5359 (24.87)	1066 (19.73)	180 (29.08)
Year of diagnosis	2010-2011	6234 (28.93)	1158 (21.43)	197 (31.83)
	2012-2013	7189 (33.37)	1583 (29.29)	203 (32.79)
	2014-2015	8122 (37.70)	2663 (49.28)	219 (35.38)
AFP	Normal	6324 (29.35)	2239 (41.43)	239 (38.61)
AFP	Elevated	15221 (70.65)	3165 (58.57)	380 (61.39)
Grade	GradeⅠ	9423 (43.74)	3384 (62.62)	340 (54.93)
	GradeⅡ	5199 (24.13)	1532 (28.35)	139 (22.46)
	GradeⅢ	4153 (19.28)	362 (6.70)	101 (16.32)
	GradeⅣ	2770 (12.85)	126 (2.33)	39 (6.29)
Tumor size	≤ 2 cm	3227 (14.98)	1420 (26.28)	88 (14.22)
	2-5 cm	10029 (46.55)	3038 (56.22)	290 (46.85)
	> 5 cm	8289 (38.47)	946 (17.50)	241 (38.93)
T stage	T₁	10049 (46.64)	3429 (63.45)	353 (57.03)
	T₂	5668 (26.31)	1561 (28.89)	144 (23.26)
	T₃	5191 (24.09)	373 (6.90)	106 (17.12)
	T₄	637 (2.96)	41 (0.76)	16 (2.59)
N stage	N₀	20139 (93.47)	5330 (98.63)	599 (96.77)
N stage	N₁	1406 (6.53)	74 (1.37)	20 (3.23)
M stage	M₀	19595 (90.95)	5339 (98.80)	593 (95.80)
M stage	M₁	1950 (9.05)	65 (1.20)	26 (4.20)
Surgery	No	15113 (70.15)	2177 (40.28)	460 (74.31)
Surgery	Yes	6432 (29.85)	3227 (59.72)	159 (25.69)
Radiotherapy	None/Unknown	19400 (90.04)	5031 (93.10)	567 (91.60)
Radiotherapy	Yes	2145 (9.96)	373 (6.90)	52 (8.40)
Chemotherapy	None/Unknown	10566 (49.04)	2837 (52.50)	338 (54.60)
Chemotherapy	Yes	10979 (50.96)	2567 (47.50)	281 (45.40)

CVD: Cardiovascular disease; DSW: Divorced, separated, and widowed; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein.

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Citation: Zhang YL, Liu ZR, Liu Z, Bai Y, Chi H, Chen DP, Zhang YM, Cui ZL. Risk of cardiovascular death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma based on the Fine-Gray model. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(3): 844-856
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v16/i3/844.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.844

Zhang YL, Liu ZR, Liu Z, Bai Y, Chi H, Chen DP, Zhang YM, Cui ZL. Risk of cardiovascular death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma based on the Fine-Gray model. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16(3): 844-856 [PMID: 38577452 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.844]

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