Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Mar 15, 2024; 16(3): 844-856
Published online Mar 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.844
Risk of cardiovascular death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma based on the Fine-Gray model
Yu-Liang Zhang, Zi-Rong Liu, Zhi Liu, Yi Bai, Hao Chi, Da-Peng Chen, Ya-Min Zhang, Zi-Lin Cui
Yu-Liang Zhang, Hao Chi, Da-Peng Chen, First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
Zi-Rong Liu, Zhi Liu, Yi Bai, Ya-Min Zhang, Zi-Lin Cui, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
Author contributions: Cui ZL had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis; Cui ZL and Zhang YL designed the research study; Zhang YL and Cui ZL performed the primary literature and data extraction; Zhang YL, Liu ZR, Liu Z, Bai Y, Chi H and Chen DP analyzed the data; Zhang YL and Cui ZL wrote the manuscript; Cui ZL, Bai Y and Zhang YM critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content; and all authors read and approved the final version.
Supported by Health Technology Project of Tianjin, No. ZC20175.
Institutional review board statement: The data for this study came from a public database (SEER database), so this statement does not applicable.
Informed consent statement: The data for this study came from a public database (SEER database), so this statement does not applicable.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: The data are available on application to the SEER database (https://seer.cancer.gov/). Technical appendix and statistical code from the corresponding author at 13602184643@163.com.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Zi-Lin Cui, PhD, Surgeon, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China. 13602184643@163.com
Received: October 20, 2023
Peer-review started: October 20, 2023
First decision: December 5, 2023
Revised: December 15, 2023
Accepted: January 17, 2024
Article in press: January 17, 2024
Published online: March 15, 2024
Core Tip

Core Tip: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Studies have shown that HCC patients have chance to improve 5-year survival rate to 70%. How to avoid cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in HCC patients has become a problem worth exploring due to the course of treatment and the manifestation of certain paraneoplastic syndromes. In this study, we used Fine-Gray model to identify the independent risk factors for CVD death in HCC patients and constructed a predictive nomograph with high performance.