Prognostic and clinicopathological value of Twist expression in esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis

Table 1 Basic characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Country	Sample size	TNM stage	Detection method	Antibody	Method of quantification	Cut-off value	Positive proportion (%)	Outcome	Source of HR	Follow-up time (mo)	NOS score
Sasaki et al[11], 2009	Japan	166	I-IV	IHC	Anti-Twist (sc-15393, Santa Cruz)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Low: 0-5; High: 6-7	40.2	OS	R	24 (1-181)	8
Xie et al[12], 2009	China	112	I-IV	IHC	Anti-Twist (sc-15393, Santa Cruz)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Negative: 0-3; Positive: 4-5+; 6-8++; ≥ 9+++	79.5	OS	R	35.8 (3.4-87)	7
Lee et al[13], 2012	South Korea	165	I-IV	IHC/RT-PCR	Anti-Twist1 (ab50887, Abcam)	Intensity score	Negative: No expression; Positive: Weak, moderate, strong	50.9	OS/DFS	R/E	115 (2-155)	6
Nakajima et al[14], 2012	Japan	54	I-IVA	IHC	Anti-Twist (sc-15393, Santa Cruz)	Intensity score	Faint: 1; Moderate: 2; Strong: 3	37	OS/RFS	R	NA	7
Sun et al[15], 2013	China	164	I-III	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (ab50887, Abcam)	Percentage of stained cells	Negative: 0%-10%; Positive: > 10%	34.1	OS	E	96-120	7
Chen et al[16], 2016	China	50	NR	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (Abcam)	Percentage of stained cells	NA	50	OS	E	> 60	7
Yeo et al[17], 2017	Korea	169	I-IV	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (Abcam)	Intensity score	Negative: 1; Positive: 2-3	89.9	OS/DFS	R	NA	7
Xu et al[18], 2021	China	229	I-IV	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (ab175430; Abcam)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Negative: 0-5; Positive: ≥ 6	59	OS/PFS	E	NA	6
Du et al[19], 2021	China	72	I-III	IHC	Anti-Twist (bs-2441R, Bioss)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Negative: 0-2; Positive: ≥ 3	61.1	OS	E	14-90	6
Tang et al[20], 2021	China	40	II-IV	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (ab50581, Abcam)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Negative: 0-2; Positive: ≥ 3	15	OS	R	17 (13.9-20.1)	7
Wang et al[21], 2021	China	72	I-III	IHC	Anti-Twist1 (bs-2441R, Bioss)	Multiply percentage score and intensity score	Negative: 0-3; Positive: ≥ 4	61.1	OS	E	14-90	6

TNM: Tumor, node and metastasis; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease-free survival; RFS: Relapse-free survival; PFS: Progression-free survival; HR: Hazard ratio; R: Reported; E: Estimated; NA: Not applicable; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale.