EFNA1 in gastrointestinal cancer: Expression, regulation and clinical significance

Table 2 EFNA1 prognostic value in gastrointestinal cancers

Tumor type	Sample type	Expression	Methods	Prognosis value	Notes	Ref.
Gastric cancer	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	(-)	EFNA1 expression is related to GC stage, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and recurrence	Nakamura et al[30], 2005
	Tissues	Increased	IHC	Poor DSS	(-)	Miyazaki et al[32], 2013
	Tissues	Increased	IHC, RT-PCR	Poor DSS	EFNA1 expression is related to TNM and lymph node metastasis	Yuan et al[33], 2009
	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	(-)	SNP (rs12904G>A) can regulate the expression of EFNA1 and is related to GC susceptibility	Li et al[34], 2014
	Tissues	Increased	(-)	(-)	EFNA1 expression increase the susceptibility of GC	Zhu et al[35], 2015
	Tissues	Increased	(-)	(-)	EFNA1 expression may be related to GC susceptibility	Lee et al[36], 2015
	Tissues	Increased	IHC, RT-PCR	Poor DSS	GMAN up-regulates the expression of EFNA1 and promotes the transfer of GC	Zhou et al[37], 2019
Colorectal cancer	Cells	(-)	(-)	(-)	EFNA1 overexpression can inhibit the growth of HT29 cells	Potla et al[42], 2002
	Tissues	Increased	IHC, RT-PCR	(-)	The expression of EFNA1 promotes the development of rectal adenocarcinoma to rectal cancer	Shi et al[43], 2012
	Tissues	Increased	(-)	(-)	EFNA1 may be used as a diagnostic biomarker for the characteristics of CRC. In addition, the rs12904G/A variant is related to the susceptibility to CRC	Mao et al[44], 2013
	Cells	(-)	(-)	(-)	Eck and B61 are co-expressed in the same cell, suggesting the existence of an autocrine loop	Rosenberg et al[46], 1997
	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	Poor DSS	Decreased survival	Kataoka et al[47], 2004
	Cells	Reduced	(-)	Poor DSS	EFNA1 can be used as a prognostic marker for CRC	Robertis et al[48], 2017
	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	Poor DSS	EFNA1 is an independent prognostic factor for CRC	Yamamoto et al[49], 2013
	Serum	Increased	IHC, QRT-PCR	Poor DSS	EFNA1 may be used for the identification of CRC	Lip et al[50], 2008
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	Poor DSS	The high expression of EFNA1 protein is related to histological differentiation, portal vein tumor thrombus and lymph node metastasis	Zhang et al[54], 2007
	Tissues	Increased	RT-PCR	Poor DSS	EFNA1 is an independent prognostic factor of HCC	Wada et al[55], 2014
	Tissues	Increased	IHC	Poor DSS	EFNA1 is involved in the mechanism of AFP induction in HCC	Lida et al[57], 2005
	Tissues, Serum	Increased	IHC, RT-PCR	Poor DSS	The expression of EFNA1 is positively correlated with AFP	Cui et al[58], 2010
Esophageal cancer	Tissues	Increased	IHC, RT-PCR	Poor DSS	Decreased survival	Xu et al[59], 2005
	Tissues	Increased	(-)	Poor DSS	Decreased survival	Chen et al[60], 2019
	Cells	Increased	RT-PCR	(-)	High expression of EFNA1 decreased the viability of ESCC cells	Yang et al[61], 2015

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; CRC: Colorectal cancer; DSS: Disease free survival; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GC: Gastric cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; IHC: Immunocytochemistry; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism.