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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jan 15, 2018; 10(1): 23-30
Published online Jan 15, 2018. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i1.23
Table 2 Studies investigating correlations between vitamin D and Barrett’s esophagus or esophageal adenocarcinoma
Ref.Study design/locationVitamin D exposure/status/genetics studiesStatistical correlationOther
Tran et al[30]Case-control studyCumulative ambient ultraviolet B radiationEAC risk: OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.35-0.99
AustraliaEAC risk for every 107 J/m2 increase in radiation: OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.72-0.93
Mulholland et al[32]Case-control studyVitamin D dietary intake via food questionnaireEAC risk: OR = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.03-3.86
IrelandBE risk: no association
Mayne et al[37]Case-control studyVitamin D dietary intakeEAC: no association
United States
Thota et al[38]Retrospective study of a prospectively collected database25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levelsEAC: no association
United StatesBE with HGD: no association
Abnet et al[36]Nested case-control study25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levelsEAC: no association
United States, Finland, China
Trowbridge et al[43]Retrospective studyVitamin D receptor expressionNot assessedVDR expression decreased with tumor dedifferentiation
United StatesVDR expression lower in neoadjuvant therapy responders
Trowbridge et al[34]Retrospective studyVitamin D receptor expressionNot assessedVDR expression increased in Barrett’s esophagus
United States
Zhou et al[35]DescriptiveVitamin D receptor expressionNot assessedVDR expressed in 95% of BE (35/37)
United StatesVDR expressed in 78% of EAC (86/109)
Janmaat et al[25]Cohort studyVitamin D receptor polymorphismsEAC: 2 GT copies:VDR expression is 2 fold higher in BE as compared to normal esophagus
NetherlandsOR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.27-0.96
BE: 2 GT copies:
OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.26-0.80
Chang et al[45]Case- control studyVitamin D receptor polymorphismsEAC: rs2238139 TT:
IrelandOR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.07-0.93
EAC: rs2107301 TT:
OR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.06-0.67
Zgaga et al[5]Meta-analysisUltraviolet B radiationVitamin D level and overall esophageal cancer:
United StatesVitamin D intakeOR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.03-1.74
Vitamin D serum levelsVitamin D intake and EAC:
OR = 1.45; 95%CI: 0.65-2.24