Association between insulin and liver function tests, liver disease and cirrhosis in population-based cohorts with long term follow-up

Table 2 Univariable Cox regression analysis of risk factors for elevated liver function tests during follow-up (234 cases among total n = 1602)

	Hazard ratio	95%CI	P value
Sex (male vs female)	0.83	0.61-1.12	0.225
Insulin (mIU/L)	1.011	1.00-1.03	0.035
Glucose (mmol/L)	0.99	0.83-1.17	0.986
Ethanol (10 g/day)	1.131	1.03-1.23	0.007
Coffee (cups per day)	0.921	0.87-0.97	0.004
Smoking (never)	1		Reference
Smoking (former)	0.69	0.44-1.08	0.102
Smoking (current)	1.10	0.84-1-45	0.661
Leisure time physical activity (moderate/regular vs sedentary)	0.631	0.46-0.86	0.004
Waist circumference (cm)	1.021	1.00-1.03	0.023
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1.02	0.98-1.06	0.270
Age (years)	1.00	0.97-1.02	0.717
Systolic BP (mmHg)	1.00	1.00-1.01	0.180
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	1.01	1.00-1.02	0.166
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	0.99	0.80-1.21	0.889
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.93	0.83-1.04	0.213

¹Indicated statistically significant hazard ratios.

BP: Blood pressure.