Published online Mar 27, 2022. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i3.592
Peer-review started: May 18, 2021
First decision: June 22, 2021
Revised: July 4, 2021
Accepted: February 15, 2022
Article in press: February 15, 2022
Published online: March 27, 2022
Core Tip: The infections in cirrhosis are the most common cause for acute decompensation and organ failure. Acute kidney injury (AKI) in cirrhosis is itself an indicator for worsening hemodynamics. In the present study, we compared infection associated AKI and non-infection AKI. We found higher 28-d mortality in infection AKI than non-infection AKI. In addition to altered hemodynamics, pathogen associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns produced as a result of sepsis contribute to multiorgan failure, especially renal dysfunction. Moreover, higher bilirubin and presence of hepatic encephalopathy predicted 28-d mortality in patients with infection AKI. This provides an insight that the combination of infection and AKI in cirrhosis portends a dismal prognosis and therefore, on admission, early identification of infection and aggressive management may improve outcome in these patients.