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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Dec 27, 2021; 13(12): 1850-1874
Published online Dec 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i12.1850
Published online Dec 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i12.1850
Gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects of potential treatment for COVID-19 and vaccination in patients with chronic liver diseases
Man Fai Law, Carmen Ka Man Cheung, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
Rita Ho, Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, China
Kimmy Wan Tung Law, West Island School, Hong Kong, China
Author contributions: Law MF, Ho R, Law KWT and Cheung CKM contributed acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data/references; Law MF and Cheung CKM contributed drafting and approving the manuscript; Ho R and Law KWT contributed approving the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no relevant conflicts of interest to disclose.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Man Fai Law, MRCP, Staff Physician, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong, China. mflaw99@yahoo.com.hk
Received: May 6, 2021
Peer-review started: May 6, 2021
First decision: June 15, 2021
Revised: July 20, 2021
Accepted: November 15, 2021
Article in press: November 15, 2021
Published online: December 27, 2021
Peer-review started: May 6, 2021
First decision: June 15, 2021
Revised: July 20, 2021
Accepted: November 15, 2021
Article in press: November 15, 2021
Published online: December 27, 2021
Core Tip
Core Tip: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain are common among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Liver injury can be a result of systemic inflammation or cytokine storm, or due to the adverse drug reactions of different treatments. Regular monitoring of liver function is recommended. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver diseases or liver transplant recipients are encouraged to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and the benefits will outweigh the risks in the vast majority of patients.