Kamada Y, Hori T, Yamamoto H, Harada H, Yamamoto M, Yamada M, Yazawa T, Tani M, Sato A, Tani R, Aoyama R, Sasaki Y, Zaima M. Surgical treatment of gallbladder cancer: An eight-year experience in a single center. World J Hepatol 2020; 12(9): 641-660 [PMID: 33033570 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i9.641]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Tomohide Hori, PhD, MD, FACS, Associate Professor, Surgeon, Department of Surgery, Shiga General Hospital, 5-4-30, Moriyama, Moriyama 524-8524, Shiga, Japan. horitomo55office@yahoo.co.jp
Research Domain of This Article
Surgery
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Yasuyuki Kamada, Tomohide Hori, Hidekazu Yamamoto, Hideki Harada, Michihiro Yamamoto, Masahiro Yamada, Takefumi Yazawa, Masaki Tani, Asahi Sato, Ryotaro Tani, Ryuhei Aoyama, Yudai Sasaki, Masazumi Zaima, Department of Surgery, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama 524-8524, Shiga, Japan
Author contributions: Kamada Y collected the data; Kamada Y and Hori T analyzed the data, reviewed the published literature and wrote the manuscript; Kamada Y and Hori T contributed equally to this work; all authors discussed therapeutic options, reviewed previous papers, and provided important opinions; Zaima M and Hori T supervised this report.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shiga General Hospital.
Informed consent statement: The patients involved in this study provided written informed consent authorizing the use and disclosure of their protected health information.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors have any financial conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tomohide Hori, PhD, MD, FACS, Associate Professor, Surgeon, Department of Surgery, Shiga General Hospital, 5-4-30, Moriyama, Moriyama 524-8524, Shiga, Japan. horitomo55office@yahoo.co.jp
Received: March 9, 2020 Peer-review started: March 9, 2020 First decision: May 5, 2020 Revised: July 10, 2020 Accepted: July 18, 2020 Article in press: July 18, 2020 Published online: September 27, 2020 Processing time: 196 Days and 13.1 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary malignancy with the worst prognosis, but aggressive surgeries may improve long-term survival.
Research motivation
We evaluated our own data along with a discussion of therapeutic strategies for GBC.
Research objectives
Nineteen GBC patients who underwent surgical treatment were enrolled in this study.
Research methods
We retrospectively investigated our patients with incidentally or non-incidentally diagnosed GBC.
Research results
Suspicious or incidental GBCs at earlier stages showed excellent outcomes without the need for two-stage surgery. Lymph nodes (LNs) around the cystic duct were reliable sentinel nodes in suspicious/incidental GBCs. Extended lymphadenectomy and resection of the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) prevented metastases or recurrence in early-stage GBCs but not in advanced GBCs with metastatic LNs or invasion of the nerve plexus. All patients with positive surgical margins showed poor outcomes, and we may need to reconsider the indications for major hepatectomy, minimizing its use except when it is required to accomplish negative bile duct margins. There were significant differences in overall and disease-free survival between patients with stages ≤ IIB and ≥ IIIA disease. The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 1.66 and 0.79 years, respectively.
Research conclusions
Outcomes for GBC patients remain unacceptable.
Research perspectives
Improved therapeutic strategies should be considered for patients with advanced GBCs.