Cell signalling pathways underlying induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming

Table 2 Small molecules that enhance induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming

Small molecule	Function	Ref.
BIX-01294	Histone methyltransferase inhibitor	Shi et al[51]
Bayk8644	Calcium channel agonist	Shi et al[51]
RG108	DNA methyltransferase inhibitor	Shi et al[51]
5-Aza-2’-Deoxycytidine	DNA methyltransferase inhibitor	Huangfu et al[89]
Dexamethasone	Steroid glucocorticoid	Huangfu et al[89]
Valproic acid	HDAC inhibitor	Huangfu et al[89]
Trichostatin A	HDAC inhibitor	Huangfu et al[89]
SAHA	HDAC inhibitor	Huangfu et al[89]
PD0325901 + CHIR99021	MAPK inhibition and GSK3 inhibition	Shi et al[51], Silva et al[77]
SB 431542+ PD0325901	TGFβ inhibitor	Lin et al[42]
	And MAPK inhibitor
A-83-01	TGFβ inhibitor	Li et al[41], Zhu et al[53]
E616452	TGFβ inhibitor	Ichida et al[90]
AMI-5	Protein arginine methyltransferase inhibitor	Yuan et al[13]
Kenpaullone	Unknown “novel function”	Lyssiotis et al[91]

Adapted from Feng et al[73]. SAHA: Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; AMI: Arginine N-Methyltransferase Inhibitor.