Unmodified autologous stem cells at point of care for chronic myocardial infarction

Figure 14 Comparison of studies on cell therapy for chronic MI using porcine models. A, B: Change in mean left ventricular ejection volume (LVEF) (A) and mean relative amount of scar volume of the left ventricular wall (ScVol) (B) from the time immediately before delivery of cells (yellow squares; groups 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 10) or control treatment (blue squares; groups 2. 4. 7, 9 and 11), respectively, to follow-up (yellow and blue dots) in the present study (groups 1 and 2) and in all studies on cell therapy for chronic myocardial infarction (> 4 wk) using porcine models that were published to date (groups 3-11; specified in detail in Table 2; note that no control group was investigated in[39]). If more than one cell therapy was tested in a study (Table 2), the results of the therapy with the most satisfactory outcome are displayed. The information provided on top of Panel A specifies the number of the study in the reference list, the coronary artery that was occluded for experimental MI induction, the duration of occlusion, the interval between experimental MI induction and delivery of cells, and the delivered cell types. The dotted blue line in (A) indicates the border between a moderately reduced LVEF and a reduced LVEF, according to the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure published by the European Society of Cardiology in 2016[36]. MI: Myocardial infarctions; LAD: Left anterior descending artery; LCX: Left circumflex artery; BMSCs: Bone marrow-derived stem cells; CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived stem cells; ASCs: Adipose-derived stem cells; CSCs: Cardiac stem cells; UA-ADRCs: Fresh, uncultured, unmodified autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells.