Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Stem Cells. Nov 26, 2021; 13(11): 1610-1624
Published online Nov 26, 2021. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1610
Application of dental stem cells in three-dimensional tissue regeneration
Hui-Yi Hsiao, Chung-Yi Nien, Hsiang-Hsi Hong, Ming-Huei Cheng, Tzung-Hai Yen
Hui-Yi Hsiao, Ming-Huei Cheng, Tzung-Hai Yen, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Chung-Yi Nien, Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
Hsiang-Hsi Hong, Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Ming-Huei Cheng, Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Tzung-Hai Yen, Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Tzung-Hai Yen, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Author contributions: Hsiao HY contributed data collection and manuscript writing; Nien CY, Hong HH and Cheng MH contributed data analysis; Yen TH contributed study design and supervision.
Supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, No. CORPG3K0021 and No. CORPG3K0191.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors have no conflict of interest for this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tzung-Hai Yen, MD, PhD, Doctor, Professor, Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, No. 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. m19570@adm.cgmh.org.tw
Received: February 25, 2021
Peer-review started: February 25, 2021
First decision: March 29, 2021
Revised: April 6, 2021
Accepted: September 29, 2021
Article in press: September 29, 2021
Published online: November 26, 2021
Abstract

Dental stem cells can differentiate into different types of cells. Dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, and dental follicle progenitor cells are five different types of dental stem cells that have been identified during different stages of tooth development. The availability of dental stem cells from discarded or removed teeth makes them promising candidates for tissue engineering. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) tissue scaffolds have been used to reconstruct and restore different anatomical defects. With rapid advances in 3D tissue engineering, dental stem cells have been used in the regeneration of 3D engineered tissue. This review presents an overview of different types of dental stem cells used in 3D tissue regeneration, which are currently the most common type of stem cells used to treat human tissue conditions.

Keywords: Dental stem cells, Dental pulp stem cells, Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, Periodontal ligament stem cells, Stem cells from apical papilla, Dental follicle progenitor cells, Three-dimensional tissue regeneration

Core Tip: Dental stem cell seeding in three-dimensional (3D) engineered scaffolds that mimic the human tissue microenvironment is an emerging technology for regenerative medicine. Dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, and dental follicle progenitor cells have been used for tissue regeneration utilizing 3D approaches. The analytical results of this literature review reveal many basic and preclinical studies that support the hypothesis that the application of dental stem cells is a feasible approach for translational medicine and is an applicable method for 3D tissue regeneration.