Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 7, 2021; 27(29): 4890-4899
Published online Aug 7, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4890
Table 1 Characteristics of study participants

Controls
Cases
P value
Age at diagnosis58.7 ± 11.456.9 ± 10.20.44
Body mass index26.8 ± 3.423.8 ± 2.40.001
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)221 ± 52.5221 ± 45.30.98
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)125 ± 40.2124.8 ± 41.90.99
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)54.1 ± 28.758.5 ± 10.60.48
Triglycerides (mg/dL)157 ± 64.6134 ± 54.80.16
Fold increment of ALKP above ULN1.82 ± 1.552.84 ± 2.060.013
Fold increment of ALT above ULN 2.27 ± 2.942.23 ± 1.970.94
Fold increment of AST above ULN2.08 ± 3.372.06 ± 1.60.97
Fold increment of GGT above ULN4.43 ± 3.576.74 ± 6.780.087
Bilirubin (mg/dL)0.68 ± 0.421.5 ± 1.90.007
Albumin (g/L)4.09 ± 0.324.05 ± 0.360.75
International normalized ratio0.99 ± 0.091.0 ± 0.130.56
Ascites, n (%)2 (4.8)3 (7)0.66
Pruritus, n (%)12 (28.6)20 (46.5)0.08
Degree of fibrosis, n (%)1
021 (50)18 (41.9)0.031
114 (33.3)8 (18.6)
21 (2.4)11 (25.6)
34 (9.5)5 (11.6)
42 (4.8)1 (2.3)
Pattern of anti-nuclear antibodies, n (%)
Peripheral0 (0)1 (2.3)0.37
Homogeneous0 (0)0 (0)
Gross speckled0 (0)0 (0)
Fine speckled0 (0)2 (4.7)
Centromeric9 (21.4)12 (27.9)
Nucleolar2 (4.8)2 (4.7)
Laminar0 (0)0 (0)
Cytoplasmic6 (14.3)2 (4.7)
Medications at diagnosis, n (%)
Ursodeoxycholic acid16 (38.1)37 (86.0)< 0.001
Vitamin E15 (35.7)3 (7.0)0.001
Statins6 (14.3)2 (4.7)0.13
Antidiabetics5 (11.9)1 (2.3)0.085
Immunosuppressors11 (26.2)13 (30.2)0.68
Levothyroxine15 (35.7)15 (34.9)0.94
Autoimmune comorbidities, n (%)
Sjögren syndrome4 (9.5)9 (20.9)0.14
Limited systemic sclerosis2 (4.8)4 (9.3)0.41
Diffuse systemic sclerosis4 (9.5)2 (4.7)0.381
Hashimoto´s thyroiditis5 (11.9)6 (14)0.78
Graves´ disease2 (4.8)0 (0)0.15
Systemic lupus erythematosus1 (2.4)0 (0)0.31
Inflammatory bowel disease0 (0)0 (0)-
Rheumatoid arthritis1 (2.4)4 (9.3)0.178
Hemolytic autoimmune anemia1 (2.4)0 (0)0.31
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura1 (2.4)0 (0)0.31
Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of each antibody or antibody combination, for the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis
Antibody or antibody combination
Sensitivity
Specificity
PPV
NPV
AMA (+)44.276.265.557.1
ANA (+)74.438.155.259.3
ASMA (+)14.073.835.345.6
IgG (+)26.780.066.742.1
IgM (+)57.185.792.340.0
AMA (+), ANA (+)25.683.361.152.2
AMA (+), ANA (-)18.692.972.752.7
AMA (-), ANA (+)48.854.852.551.1
AMA (+), ASMA (+)7.010010051.2
AMA (+), ASMA (-)37.276.261.554.2
AMA (-), ASMA (+)7.073.821.443.7
ANA (+), ASMA (+)9.383.336.447.3
ANA (+) , ASMA (-)65.154.859.660.5
ANA (-), ASMA (+)4.790.533.348.1
AMA (+), IgG (+)13.390.066.740.9
AMA (+), IgG (-)46.770.070.046.7
AMA (-), IgG (+)13.390.066.740.9
AMA (+), IgM (+)52.485.791.737.5
AMA (+), IgM (-)4.871.433.320.0
AMA (-), IgM (+)4.810010025.9