Usefulness of portal vein pressure for predicting the effects of tolvaptan in cirrhotic patients

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline

Characteristics	n = 40
Age (yr)	65 (40-82)
Gender (M/F)	26/14
Body weight (kg)	61.9 (44.8-88.5)
Liver disease etiology
Hepatitis B/Hepatitis C/Alcohol/PBC/PSC/NASH	3/15/15/3/1/3
Child-Pugh classification A/B/C	3/19/18
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.0 (0.4-26.2)
Serum albumin (g/dL)	2.6 (1.6-3.7)
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.95 (0.45-6.45)
Serum eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	60 (8-112)
Serum sodium (mEq/L)	139 (124-146)
Serum hyaluronic acid (ng/mL)	420.7 (122-6984)
BUN (mg/dL)	19 (8.1-81.8)
Urine osmolality (mOsm/L)	414.5 (254-954)
Hepatic venous pressure gradient (mmH2O)1	240 (105-580)
Dose of furosemide (mg/d)	37.0 ± 29.5
Dose of spironolactone (mg/d)	43.4 ± 26.8
Hepatocellular carcinoma (with/without)	12/28
Esophageal varix (with/without)	25/15

¹Hepatic venous pressure gradient was measured in 24 patients. Categorical variables are given as number. Almost continuous variables are given as median (range). Dose of furosemide and spironolactone are given as mean ± SD). BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; PBC: Pimary biliary cirrhosis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rat.

Table 2 Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline between responders and non-responders

Characteristics	Responder (n = 17)	Non-responder (n = 23)	P value
Age (yr)	66 (45-80)	61 (40-82)	0.8137
Body weight (kg)	62.3 (44.8-88.5)	61.7 (50.3-79.2)	0.7857
Liver disease etiology (Hepatitis B/Hepatitis C/Alcohol/PBC/PSC/NASH)	3/5/5/2/1/1	0/10/10/1/0/2	-
Child-Pugh classification (A-B/C)	9/8	13/10	1.000
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.8 (0.4-11.4)	1.3 (0.5-26.2)	0.332
Serum albumin (g/dL)	2.5 (1.9-3.5)	2.6 (1.6-3.7)	0.733
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	0.91 (0.62-1.83)	1.1 (0.45-6.45)	0.480
Serum eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)	62 (24-85)	51 (8-112)	0.290
Serum sodium (mEq/L)	137.5 (125-146)	140 (124-144)	0.855
Serum hyaluronic acid (ng/mL)	335 (181-2843)	567.9 (122-6984)	0.017
BUN (mg/dL)	18.1 (8.1-81)	20.9 (10.1-81.8)	0.211
Urine osmolality (mOsm/L)	418 (257-700)	361.5 (254-954)	0.293
Hepatic venous pressure gradient (mmH2O)1	170 (105-580)	255 (150-350)	0.045
Hepatocellular carcinoma (with/without)	6/11	6/17	0.729
Esophageal varix (with/without)	10/7	15/8	0.518

¹Hepatic venous pressure gradient was measured in 24 patients. Categorical variables are given as number. Continuous variables are given as median (range). BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; PBC: Pimary biliary cirrhosis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.