High prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma following gastrectomy

Table 1 Patient characteristics (mean ± SD)

Variables			All patients(n = 133)	Male(n = 83)	Female(n = 50)	P
Age (yr)			63.9 ± 7.0	64.3 ± 6.8	63.3 ± 7.4	NS
Duration after gastrectomy (yr)			2.7 ± 2.4	2.8 ± 2.6	2.5 ± 2.2	NS
BMI (kg/m2)			21.5 ± 3.3	21.7 ± 3.1	21.2 ± 3.7	NS
BMI change after gastrectomy (kg/m2)			–2.2 ± 2.4	–2.0 ± 2.4	–2.7 ± 2.3	< 0.05
AGC/EGC (n)			75/58	42/41	33/17	NS
TNM stage		1	76	56	20	< 0.05
		2	26	15	11
		3	25	10	15
		4	6	2	4
Operation type	Subtotal gastrectomy	Billroth I	47	30	17	NS
		Billroth II	54	34	20
	Total gastrectomy	Roux - en - Y	32	19	13
Bone pain			61	39	22	NS
BMI < 18.5 (kg/m2)			21	10	11	0.07
Family history of osteoporosis			10	6	4	NS
Type 2 diabetes			13	8	5	NS
Anemia			49	20	29	< 0.01
sALP > 127 U/L			18	12	6	NS
Past history of fracture			24	14	10	NS
Vertebral deformity			62	36	26	NS

AGC: Advanced gastric cancer; EGC: Early gastric cancer; Anemia, hemoglobin < 11 g/dL in females, < 13 g/dL in males.

Table 2 BMD of 133 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma patients according to sex (mean ± SD)

	Male			Female
	BMD	T score	Z score	BMD	T score	Z score
L1-4	0.979 ± 0.203	-1.65 ± 1.63	-0.55 ± 1.55	0.835 ± 0.243	-2.31 ± 1.94	-0.72 ± 1.49
Femur - neck	0.837 ± 0.145	-0.89 ± 1.13	0.44 ± 0.97	0.765 ± 0.170	-1.11 ± 1.41	0.74 ± 1.14
Ward’s	0.658 ± 0.151	-1.72 ± 1.17	0.04 ± 1.01	0.588 ± 0.181	-2.26 ± 1.40	0.13 ± 1.13
Trochanter	0.768 ± 0.154	-0.12 ± 1.40	0.65 ± 1.28	0.622 ± 0.139	-1.20 ± 1.24	-0.07 ± 0.96
Total hip	0.911 ± 0.181	-0.25 ± 1.45	0.79 ± 1.32	0.803 ± 0.174	-1.12 ± 1.44	0.37 ± 1.13

T scores (compared with young adults); Z scores (compared with age-matched controls).

Table 3 Univariate analysis for factors associated with osteoporosis

Variables	Patient number	P
Age (yr) < 64/≥ 64	65/68	0.001
Male/female	83/50	0.006
Duration after gastrectomy (yr) < 3/≥ 3	88/45	0.573
AGC/EGC	75/58	0.858
TNM stage I/II/III/IV	76/26/25/6	0.164
Total/partial gastrectomy	31/102	0.528
Operation type Billroth I/II/Roux-en Y	47/54/32	0.858
BMI < 18.5/≥ 18.5 kg/m2	21/112	0.001
Anemia; males, Hb < 13/≥ 13; females, Hb < 11/≥ 11	49/84	0.001
sALP < 127/≥ 127 U/L	115/18	0.040
Previous fracture history +/-	24/109	0.360
Family history of osteoporosis +/-	8/125	0.482
Type 2 diabetes +/-	13/111	0.369
Back pain +/-	61/72	0.001
Vertebral deformity +/-	62/71	0.001

Hb: Hemoglobin.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis for factors associated with osteoporosis after stratification by sex

	Variables	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P
Male	Anemia	4.887 (1.404-17.011)	0.011
	Age ≥ 64 yr	3.923 (1.202-12.805)	0.018
Female	Back pain	10.272 (2.297-45.942)	0.001