Clinical research on navel application of Shehuang Paste combined with Chinese herbal colon dialysis in treatment of refractory cirrhotic ascites complicated with azotemia

Table 1 Comparison of pre-and post-treatment for general efficacy on ascites n (%)

Treatmentgroups	n	Ascites gradeI resolution	Ascites gradeII resolution	Ascites gradeIII resolution	Noeffect
Comprehensive	29	6 (20.7)	6 (20.7)	9 (31.0)	8 (27)
Simple	24	2 (8.3)	3 (12.5)	6 (25.0)	13 (54.2)
Control	22	0 (0.0)	1 (4.5)	3 (13.6)	18 (81.8)

Table 2 Changes of azotemia (mean ± SD)

Treatment groups	n	Cr (μmol/L)		BUN (mmol/L)
Comprehensive	29	Before	162.96 ± 11.73	10.54 ± 1.23
		After	113.82 ± 9.62bd	6.48 ± 0.61ad
Simple	24	Before	158.32 ± 17.21	10.41 ± 1.43
		After	123.54 ± 23.13ac	7.92 ± 0.87b
Controls	22	Before	161.51 ± 11.55	9.09 ± 1.18
		After	143.41 ± 9.87	8.28 ± 0.38

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01, pre-treatment vs post-treatment;

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs control group.

Table 3 Pre- and post-treatment liver function changes (mean ± SD)

Groups	n	ALT (U/L)		AST (U/L)	γ-GT (U/L)	TB (U/L)	ALB (U/L)	A/G (U/L)
Comprehensive	29	Before	81.73 ± 55.31	96.92 ± 52.32	177.63 ± 22.24	59.89 ± 34.91	28.28 ± 4.19	0.82 ± 0.19
		After	53.22 ± 30.16a	83.56 ± 63.45	101.12 ± 44.11a	28.12 ± 10.23a	34.14 ± 3.95a	1.17 ± 0.74a
Simple	24	Before	73.67 ± 43.13	98.12 ± 62.26	170.03 ± 13.45	67.14 ± 41.39	28.38 ± 3.21	0.71 ± 0.18
		After	50.12 ± 20.43a	84.65 ± 60.50	88.20 ± 33.99a	35.22 ± 9.35a	35.47 ± 3.69a	1.15 ± 0.70a
Controls	22	Before	70.16 ± 37.24	102.12 ± 60.32	168.26 ± 118.04	68.81 ± 41.33	29.78 ± 3.39	0.72 ± 0.21
		After	51.02 ± 18.34a	87.65 ± 62.12	89.27 ± 35.19a	33.12 ± 9.08	34.78 ± 4.16a	1.11 ± 0.73

^aP < 0.05, pre- and post-treatment comparison.

Table 4 Pre- and post-treatment serum Na⁺ and urine Na⁺/K⁺ changes (mean ± SD)

Groups	n	Serum Na+		Urine Na+/K+
Comprehensive	29	Before	126.32 ± 5.13	0.86 ± 0.23
		After	133.19 ± 3.21b	1.76 ± 0.65b
Simple	24	Before	127.27 ± 4.13	0.79 ± 0.26
		After	132.43 ± 3.34a	1.65 ± 0.85a
Controls	22	Before	126.16 ± 5.24	0.82 ± 0.32
		After	128.50 ± 7.29	1.25 ± 0.91

^aP < 0.05, pre- and post-treatment comparison;

^bP < 0.01, pre- and post-treatment comparison.

Table 5 Pre- and Post-treatment changes of endotoxin, NO and ET-1 (mean ± SD)

Groups	n	Endotoxin (ng/L)		NO (μmol/L)	ET-1 (ng/L)
Comprehensive	29	Before	96.71 ± 28.82	15.82 ± 6.41	44.36 ± 7.14
		After	70.56 ± 27.34bd	11.11 ± 6.02ac	33.87 ± 8.95bc
Simple	24	Before	95.27 ± 29.12	15.11 ± 6.99	45.59 ± 7.46
		After	80.69 ± 26.44ac	11.63 ± 6.15ac	36.67 ± 8.58bc
Controls	22	Before	95.34 ± 30.22	15.65 ± 7.34	41.13 ± 8.25
		After	90.14 ± 32.38	14.23 ± 7.03	39.12 ± 8.46

P < 0.05,

^aPre- and post- treatment comparison,

^bP < 0.01;

^ccomparison between groups, P < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01.

Table 6 Pre- and post-treatment blood flow of three groups (mean ± SD)

Groups	n		PV (Portal vein)			SV ( Splenic vein)
			D (cm)	Vp (cm/s)	Q (mL/min)	D (cm)	Vp (cm/s)	Q (mL/min)
Comprehensive	29	Before	1.43 ± 0.18	14.15 ± 3.34	1274 ± 429	1.19 ± 0.22	15.27 ± 4.12	896.5+301.8
		After	1.21 ± 0.22ac	15.27 ± 3.23	906.0 ± 316ac	1.07 ± 0.18	15.13 ± 3.78	592.2 ± 201.8ac
Simple	24	Before	1.42 ± 0.16	14.21 ± 3.06	1249 ± 416	1.20 ± 0.24	14.26 ± 4.10	896.5+301.8
		After	1.23 ± 0.32ac	14.95 ± 3.40	896.0 ± 376ac	1.06 ± 0.25	15.10 ± 3.80	609.2 ± 208.7ac
Controls	22	Before	1.41 ± 0.26	14.20 ± 2.20	1238.2 ± 422.0	1.20 ± 0.22	14.84 ± 2.56	853.1 ± 321.2
		After	1.40 ± 0.22	14.01 ± 2.40	1247.0 ± 364.2	1.19 ± 0.23	14.96 ± 4.00	843.7 ± 341.0

^aP < 0.05, comparison of pre- and post-treatment;

^cP < 0.05, vs control group.

Table 7 Pre- and post-treatment correlation between splenic and portal vein blood flows and endotoxin, NO and ET-1 (mean ± SD)

Indexes	n		r
			PVQ	SVQ
Endotoxin	29	Before	0.67b	0.73b
		After	0.75b	0.69b
NO	29	Before	0.68b	0.68b
		After	0.45a	0.51a
ET-1	29	Before	0.79b	0.78b
		After	0.73b	0.74b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01.