©The Author(s) 2000.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 15, 2000; 6(2): 177-186
Published online Apr 15, 2000. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v6.i2.177
Published online Apr 15, 2000. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v6.i2.177
Table 2 Laboratory tests used to investigate diarrhea in HIV -infected patients
| Stool studies |
| Stool cultures (Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter) |
| Toxin (Clostridium difficile) |
| Stool for ova and parasites (Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica) |
| (using saline, iodine, trichrome and acid-fast stains) |
| Stool stains: |
| a. Modified Kinyoun acid-fast (Cryptosporidium and Isospora belli) |
| b. Concentrated stool (Zinc sulfate, Shether sucrose flotation) |
| Fecal fat |
| Giardia antigen |
| Blood studies |
| CD4 cell count |
| White blood cell and differential |
| Creatinine, electrolytes |
| Liver function tests |
| Total albumin |
| Blood cultures (Mycobacterium avium-complex) |
| Tissue and fluids |
| Duodenal aspirate (Giardia lamblia, microsporidia) |
| Biopsy: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, rectum |
| Biopsy stains: |
| a. Hematoxylin-eosin |
| b. Giemsa or methenamine silver (fungi) |
| c. Methylene blue-azure II-basic fuchsin (microsporidia) |
| d. Fite (mycobacteria) |
| Immunohistochemical stains (Cytomegalovirus) |
| In-situ hybridization (CMV) |
| DNA amplification (CMV) |
| Electron microscopy for cryptosopridia, adenovirus |
| Touch preparation |
| Culture of colonic mucosal biopsy |
| a. Cytomegalovirus |
| b. Herpes simplex virus |
| c. Bacteria |
- Citation: Wilcox CM. Etiology and evaluation of diarrhea in AIDS: A global perspective at the millennium. World J Gastroenterol 2000; 6(2): 177-186
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v6/i2/177.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v6.i2.177