Salidroside mitigates experimental colitis through cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway activation and suppression of enteric glial cell responses

Figure 3 Salidroside inhibited enteric glial cells activation in the myenteric plexus and submucosal plexus of dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis mice. A-F: Immunofluorescent histochemistry double-staining of mouse colonic myenteric plexus (MP) (A-C) and submucosal plexus (SP) (D-F). The magnified images show the corresponding white square areas in greater detail. The white arrows indicate glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive enteric glial cells (EGCs): Control group (A and D); Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) group (B and E); DSS + salidroside group (C and F); G: The number of Hu C/D positive enteric neurons in the MP subjected to quantitative analysis; H: The area exhibiting apparent overlap of EGCs processes with the neurons in the MP analyzed quantitatively; I: The number of Hu C/D positive enteric neurons in the SP subjected to quantitative analysis; J: The area exhibiting apparent overlap of EGCs processes with the neurons in the SP analyzed quantitatively. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4), P values were calculated using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s test for Figure 3G-J. ^bP < 0.01. DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium salt; Sal: Salidroside; EGC: Enteric glial cell; DAPI: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein.