Tetrahydroxylated bile acids prevents malignant progression of Barret esophagus in vitro by inhibiting the interleukin-1β-nuclear factor kappa-B pathway

Figure 4 Effects of deoxycholic acid and tetrahydroxylated bile acids co-exposure on adult tissue-resident stem cells isolated from Barrett esophagus clinical biopsies intestinal differentiation. Representative pictures of hematoxylin and eosin stained air liquid interface Barrett esophagus clinical biopsies tissue sections (× 20 magnification). Samples treated with 2000 μM tetrahydroxylated bile acids (THBA), co-treated with THBA and deoxycholic acid (DCA) (2000 μM THBA/150 μM DCA, 2000 μM THBA/100 μM DCA) and control demonstrated high level intestinal differentiation with distinct interspersed goblet-like cells between well polarized columnar intestine-like cells resembling mature intestinal mucosa. Samples treated with DCA alone showed attenuation of the cell layer, reduced number of goblet dells and nuclear atypia. (¹goblet-like cells, ²columnar polarized intestine-like cells). DCA: Deoxycholic acid; THBA: Tetrahydroxylated bile acids; Scale bar = 250 μm.