Efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with microwave ablation for hepatic hemangiomas (> 5 cm)

Table 4 Comparison of pre- and post-treatment laboratory parameters, mean ± SD

Characteristics	All (n = 82)	Control group (n = 32)	Observation group (n = 50)	P value1
ALT (U/L)
Pre-treatment	25.34 ± 22.85	16.25 ± 11.10	31.16 ± 26.39	< 0.001
Postoperative within 1 week	74.55 ± 122.15	30.62 ± 38.36	102.66 ± 147.19	< 0.001
Postoperative at 1 month	23.39 ± 26.06	18.84 ± 7.13	26.30 ± 32.68	0.227
TBIL (μmol/L)
Pre-treatment	12.81 ± 5.43	11.20 ± 4.53	13.85 ± 5.74	0.034
Postoperative within 1 week	18.83 ± 10.52	14.71 ± 7.53	21.46 ± 11.35	< 0.001
Postoperative at 1 month	11.86 ± 4.05	11.20 ± 3.78	12.28 ± 4.20	0.248
DBIL (μmol/L)
Pre-treatment	3.88 ± 1.68	3.44 ± 1.65	4.16 ± 1.66	0.038
Postoperative within 1 week	4.66 ± 2.36	3.59 ± 1.21	5.35 ± 2.65	< 0.001
Postoperative at 1 month	3.65 ± 1.48	3.38 ± 1.46	3.83 ± 1.47	0.166
Albumin (g/L)
Pre-treatment	43.85 ± 3.94	44.06 ± 5.10	43.72 ± 3.02	0.33
Postoperative within 1 week	40.95 ± 3.08	41.72 ± 3.31	40.46 ± 2.84	0.09
Postoperative at 1 month	43.98 ± 2.57	43.81 ± 3.34	44.08 ± 1.96	0.759
WBC (× 109/L)
Pre-treatment	5.81 ± 1.52	5.77 ± 1.48	5.83 ± 1.56	0.844
Postoperative within 1 week	8.47 ± 3.08	8.86 ± 3.77	8.21 ± 2.56	0.794
Postoperative at 1 month	5.69 ± 1.11	5.69 ± 0.95	5.69 ± 1.21	0.555
Neutrophils (× 109/L)
Pre-treatment	3.78 ± 1.38	3.53 ± 1.07	3.94 ± 1.53	0.274
Postoperative within 1 week	7.02 ± 2.98	7.34 ± 3.67	6.81 ± 2.46	0.761
Postoperative at 1 month	3.59 ± 1.04	3.54 ± 0.83	3.63 ± 1.16	0.775
Platelets (× 109/L)
Pre-treatment	218.45 ± 56.88	220.47 ± 65.79	217.16 ± 51.05	0.799
Postoperative within 1 week	198.87 ± 60.03	201.38 ± 80.27	197.26 ± 43.29	0.868
Postoperative at 1 month	225.18 ± 53.08	228.53 ± 63.39	223.04 ± 45.87	0.816
Hemoglobin (g/L)
Pre-treatment	134.45 ± 17.30	134.97 ± 16.50	134.12 ± 17.96	0.83
Postoperative within 1 week	128.63 ± 20.91	130.38 ± 15.33	127.51 ± 23.90	0.936
Postoperative at 1 month	132.59 ± 13.43	132.88 ± 14.73	132.40 ± 12.67	0.659
Creatinine (μmol/L)
Pre-treatment	63.68 ± 13.16	62.09 ± 13.94	64.70 ± 12.67	0.232
Postoperative within 1 week	59.72 ± 12.02	59.36 ± 11.12	59.95 ± 12.68	0.985
Postoperative at 1 month	63.57 ± 9.05	62.25 ± 9.02	64.42 ± 9.06	0.175

¹P value was calculated using the χ² test to compare the distribution of adverse events between the groups.

Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD if they are normally distributed or expressed as median ± interquartile range if they are non-normally distributed; categorical variables are expressed as frequency (percentage). ALT: Alanine transaminase; DBIL: Direct bilirubin; TBIL: Total bilirubin; WBC: White blood cell.