Translocator protein facilitates neutrophil-mediated mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases

Figure 4 Regulation of neutrophil function by translocator protein. A: Neutrophils are isolated from the peripheral blood of 6 healthy controls (HC) using immunomagnetic beads. After stimulation with interleukin-17A, interferon-γ, and lipopolysaccharide for 3 hours, total RNA is extracted, and translocator protein mRNA expression is assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; B and C: Neutrophils from HC (n = 6), patients with active Crohn's disease (n = 6), and those with active ulcerative colitis (n = 6) are stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and PMA+PK11195 for 3 hours. The levels of reactive oxygen species release and neutrophil extracellular trap formation are subsequently analyzed. n: The biologically independent replicates used in the statistical analyses. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. A-CD: Active Crohn's disease; A-UC: Active ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn's disease; IFN, Interferon; IL: Interleukin; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; PMA: Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TSPO: Translocator protein; UC: Ulcerative colitis.