Deep learning-based localization and lesion detection in capsule endoscopy for patients with suspected small-bowel bleeding

Figure 2 Performance of the artificial intelligence model for detecting small bowel abnormalities in the internal test dataset. The model demonstrated high performance in detecting small bowel abnormalities, with an overall accuracy of 0.992 and excellent area-under-the curve scores for all classes. A: Confusion matrix; B: Receiver-operating characteristic curve. NL: Normal mucosa (including debris, bile, and bubbles); BL: Bleeding (active bleeding or visible fresh blood); GT: Ground truth; UL: Erosions/ulcers, ANG: Angiodysplasia; ROC: Receiver-operating characteristic curve.