Evaluating luminal and post-operative Crohn’s disease activity on magnetic resonance enterography: A review of radiological disease activity scores

Table 8 Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging scores to evaluate post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease[61,62,85]

MRE disease activity score	MR score[62,85]	MONITOR Index[61]
Year	2008	2022
MR protocol	MR enteroclysis	MR enterography
Study type	Prospective	Prospective
Inception cohort (n)	30	61
Reference standard	Rutgeerts score	Gwet’s coefficient, Rutgeerts score
Bowel segments evaluated	Anastomosis	Anastomosis
	Neo-terminal ileum	Neo-terminal ileum
Final radiological components	(1) Mural thickening; (2) Mural oedema; (3) Ulceration; (4) Mural contrast enhancement; (5) Fat stranding; (6) Stenosis; (7) Prestenotic dilatation; (8) Fistula; (9) Abscess; and (10) Conglomeration tumor	(1) Mural thickening; (2) Mural oedema; (3) Ulceration; (4) Mural contrast enhancement; (5) T2 hyperintensity; (6) DWI hyperintensity; and (7) Disease length
Scoring formula	MR0: Normal; MR1: Minor mucosal abnormalities: Minor wall thickening or mural contrast enhancement without stenosis; MR2: Moderate recurrence: Major bowel wall thickening or mural contrast enhancement or low-grade stenosis without pre-stenotic dilatation; MR3: Severe recurrence: MR2 plus transmural oedema with T2 hyperintensity and fat stranding or high-grade stenosis with pre-stenostic dilatation or extramural complications	1 × presence of wall thickness; + 1 × presence of mural contrast enhancement; + 1 × presence of T2 hyperintensity; + 1 × presence of DWI hyperintensity; + 1 × presence of mural oedema; + 2.5 × presence of ulceration; + 1 × presence of disease length ≥ 20 mm

MRE: Magnetic resonance enterography; DWI: Diffusion-weighted imaging; MR: Magnetic resonance; MONITOR: Magnetic resonance imaging in Crohn’s disease to predict postoperative recurrence.