Evaluating luminal and post-operative Crohn’s disease activity on magnetic resonance enterography: A review of radiological disease activity scores

Table 5 Comparison of magnetic resonance enterography disease activity scores in luminal Crohn’s disease[17-21,25-30,43]

MRE disease activity score	MaRIA[18,21]	Simplified MaRIA[19]	Nancy score[30]	London score[43]	CDMI[17]	Clermont score[18,25]	MEGS[14]	PICMI[19]	MREI[20]	C-score[21]
Year	2009, 2011	2019	2010	2012	2012	2013, 2017	2014	2022	2023	2024
Study type	Prospective	Retrospective	Literature review	Retrospective	Retrospective	Prospective	London Score	Prospective	Prospective	Retrospective
Inception cohort (n)	50	98		16	16	31		159	29	274
Reference standard	CDEIS	CDEIS		THAIS	THAIS	MaRIA		RGA, VAS	SES-CD	BDP, Responsiveness
Bowel segments evaluated	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Descending colon; Transverse colon; Ascending colon; Terminal ileum	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Descending colon; Transverse colon; Ascending colon; Terminal ileum	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Left colon; Transverse colon; Right colon; Terminal ileum	Terminal ileum	Terminal ileum	Rectum; Left/sigmoid colon; Transverse colon; Right colon/caecum; Terminal ileum	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Descending colon; Transverse colon; Ascending colon; Caecum; Terminal ileum; Proximal ileum;Jejunum	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Descending colon; Transverse colon; Ascending colon/caecum; Terminal ileum; Proximal/distal ileum; Jejunum	Rectum; Sigmoid colon; Descending colon; Transverse colon; Ascending colon; Terminal ileum; Proximal ileum; Jejunum	Rectum; Left/sigmoid colon; Transverse colon; Right colon; Terminal ileum; Distal ileum; Proximal ileum; Distal jejunum; Proximal jejunum
Final radiological components	(1) Ulceration; (2) Mural thickening; (3) Mural oedema; and (4) Mural relative contrast enhancement	(1) Ulceration; (2) Mural thickening; (3) Mural oedema; and (4) Fat stranding	(1) Ulceration; (2) Mural thickening; (3) Mural oedema; (4) Rapid gadolinium enhancement; (5) DWI hyperintensity; and (6) Differentiation between the mucosa-submucosa complex and the muscularis propria	(1) Mural thickening; and (2) Mural oedema	(1) Mural thickening; (2) Mural oedema; (3) Mesenteric oedema; and (4) Mural contrast enhancement	(1) Ulceration; (2) Mural thickening; (3) Mural oedema; and (4) Apparent diffusion coefficient	(1) Mural thickening; (2) Mural oedema; (3) Mural contrast enhancement; (4) Mural contrast enhancement pattern; (5) Mesenteric oedema; (6) Haustral loss; (7) Disease length; (8) Mesenteric lymphadenopathy; (9) Combs sign; (10) Abscess; and (11) Fistula	(1) Mural thickening; (2) Ulceration; (3) DWI hyperintensity; (4) Mesenteric oedema; and (5) Comb sign	(1) Ulceration; and (2) Mural relative contrast enhancement	(1) Ulceration; (2) Mural thickening; and (3) Mesenteric lymphadenopathy
Scoring formula	1.5 × wall thickness (mm) + 0.02 × mural relative contrast enhancement + 5 × presence of oedema + 10 × presence of ulceration	1 × presence of wall thickness > 3 mm + 1 × presence of wall oedema + 1 × presence of fat stranding + 2 × presence of ulceration	1 × presence of wall thickness > 5 mm + 1 × presence of parietal oedema + 1 × presence of ulceration + 1 × presence of rapid gadolinium enhancement + 1 × presence of DWI hyperintensity + 1 × presence of differentiation between the mucosa-submucosa complex and the muscularis propria	1.79 + 1.34 × mural thickness score + 0.94 × mural T2 score	Mural thickness + mural T2 score + perimural T2 signal + mural contrast enhancement	1.321 × apparent diffusion coefficient (mm2/second) + 1.646 × wall thickening (mm) + 8.306 × presence of ulceration + 5.613 × presence of oedema + 5.039	Qualitative or quantitative assessment scores of 11 radiological components	Wall thickness (> 3 mm) × 3 + presence of ulceration × 6 + presence of wall-restricted diffusion × 9 + presence of mesenteric oedema × 6 + presence of comb sign × 9	1.52 × inflamed intestinal T1 signal intensity/adjacent contrast-enhanced normal intestinal T1 signal score + 2.03 × ulceration score	0.2 × (bowel thickness in mm - 3) + 1.5 × presence of mesenteric lymphadenopathy + 2 × presence of ulceration

MRE: Magnetic resonance enterography; MaRIA: Magnetic resonance index of activity; CDMI: Crohn’s disease magnetic resonance imaging index; MEGS: Magnetic resonance enterography global score; PICMI: Paediatric inflammatory Crohn’s magnetic resonance enterography index; MREI: Magnetic resonance enterography index; DWI: Diffusion-weighted imaging; C-score: Codified Clermont score; CDEIS: Crohn’s disease endoscopic index of severity; THAIS: Transmural histopathological acute inflammation score; RGA: Radiologist global assessment; VAS: Visual analog scale; SES-CD: Simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease; BDP: Bowel damage progression.