Kushenol I combats ulcerative colitis via intestinal barrier preservation and gut microbiota optimization

Figure 5 Effects of kushenol I on mRNA levels and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological damage in mice with ulcerative colitis. A: mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-17, and IL-10; B: Serum and colon levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10, and the colon level of IL-17; C: Histological analysis of colonic tissue (scale bar = 100 μm). Values are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 6). ^aP < 0.05. ^bP < 0.01. ^cP < 0.001. P compared with the model group.