Serum calcium-based interpretable machine learning model for predicting anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer resection: A multi-center study

Figure 3 Testing and evaluation of eXtreme Gradient Boosting model based on raw data. A: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve comparison between models; B: The confusion matrix of eXtreme Gradient Boosting model; C: Comparison of decision curve analysis curves between models; D: Comparison of calibration curves between models. AUC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; SVM: Support vector machine; GBM: Gradient boosting machines; KNN: K-nearest neighbors; LightGBM: Light gradient boosting machine.