Computed tomography-based radiomics to predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma post-hepatectomy in patients background on cirrhosis

Table 1 The clinical-radiologic characteristics of primary cohort, n (%)

Variable	Training cohort (n = 150)	Validation cohort (n = 64)	P value
Tumor-volume (cm3), mean ± SD	249 ± 381	318 ± 361	0.219
Age (yr), mean ± SD	57.3 ± 10.1	54.5 ± 11.7	0.079
Rad-score	0.4 ± 0.2	0.52 ± 0.16	0.121
BMI			0.691
0, < 18.5	7 (4.67)	3 (4.69)
1, 18.5-25	109 (72.7)	43 (67.2)
2, ≥ 25	34 (22.7)	18 (28.1)
AFP (ng/mL)			0.382
0, ≤ 400	91 (60.7)	34 (53.1)
1, > 400	59 (39.3)	30 (46.9)
sex			0.839
0, male	128 (85.3)	56 (87.5)
1, female	22 (14.7)	8 (12.5)
Hepatitis (HBV/HCV)			0.407
0, absent	22 (14.7)	6 (34.4)
1, present	128 (85.3)	58 (90.6)
N (× 109/L)			0.275
0, < 1.8	127 (84.7)	54 (84.4)
1, 1.8-6.3	18 (12.0)	10 (15.6)
2, > 6.3	5 (3.33)	0 (0.00)
L (× 109/L)			0.504
0, ≥ 1.1	119 (79.3)	54 (84.4)
1, < 1.1	31 (20.7)	10 (15.6)
PLT (× 109/L)			0.703
0, > 100	120 (80.0)	49 (76.6)
1, ≤ 100	30 (20.0)	15 (23.4)
ALT (U/L)			0.959
0, ≤ 50	117 (78.0)	49 (76.6)
1, > 50	33 (22.0)	15 (23.4)
AST (U/L)			0.854
0, > 40	67 (44.7)	27 (39.1)
1, ≤ 40	83 (55.3)	39 (60.9)
GGT (U/L)			0.113
0, ≤ 60	78 (52.0)	25 (43.8)
1, > 60	72 (48.0)	39 (56.2)
TB (umol/L)			0.605
0, ≤ 21	110 (73.3)	44 (68.8)
1, > 21	40 (26.7)	20 (31.2)
ALB (g/L)			0.720
0, ≤ 40	76 (50.7)	30 (46.9)
1, > 40	74 (49.3)	34 (53.1)
NLR			0.697
0, ≤ 2	74 (49.3)	29 (45.3)
1, > 2	76 (50.7)	35 (54.7)
PLR			0.528
0, ≥ 95	78 (52.0)	37 (57.8)
1, < 95	72 (48.0)	27 (42.2)
HbsAg			1
Negative	18 (12.0)	8 (12.5)
Positive	132 (88.0)	56 (87.5)
BCLC			0.554
0, stage0	7 (4.67)	5 (7.81)
1, stageA	143 (95.3)	59 (92.2)
CNLC			0.308
0, Ia	74 (49.3)	26 (40.6)
1, Ib	76 (50.7)	38 (59.4)
Non-peripheral washout			0.738
0, absent	2 (1.33)	2 (3.12)
1, present	148 (98.7)	62 (96.9)
Tumor capsule			0.110
0, ill-defined capsule	58 (38.7)	33 (51.6)
1, well-defined capsule	92 (61.3)	31 (48.4)
Intratumor vascularity			0.654
0, absent	24 (16.0)	8 (12.5)
1, present	126 (84.0)	56 (87.5)
Tumor growth pattern			0.635
0, intrahepatic growth	56 (37.3)	21 (32.8)
1, extrahepatic growth	94 (62.7)	43 (67.2)
Fusion lesions			0.255
0, absent	87 (58.0)	31 (48.4)
1, present	63 (42.0)	33 (51.6)
Intratumor necrosis			0.05
0, absent	47 (31.3)	11 (17.2)
1, present	103 (68.7)	53 (82.8)
Peritumoral enhancement			1
0, absent	90 (60.0)	39 (60.9)
1, present	60 (40.0)	25 (39.1)
Tumor margin			0.76
0, smooth	84 (56.0)	38 (59.4)
1, non-smooth	66 (44.0)	26 (40.6)
Arterial phase hyperenhancement			0.738
0, absent	2 (1.33)	2 (3.12)
1, present	148 (98.7)	62 (96.9)

BMI: Body mass index; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; N: Neutrophil; L: Lymphocyte; ALT: Alanine transferase; AST: Aspartate transferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; PLT: Platelets; TB: Total bilirubin; ALB: Albumin; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CNLC: China Liver Cancer Staging System.