Emerging role of non-invasive and liquid biopsy biomarkers in pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Cell free DNA involved in pancreatic cancer diagnostic and prognostics

Target candidate	Up/down	Sample	Potential value
CEA mRNA	Up	Whole blood	D
EGFR mRNA	Up	Serum	D
4GnT mRNA	Up	Whole blood	D
COL6A3 mRNA	Up	Serum	D/P
Mir-155	Up	Plasma	D
miR-196a	Up	Plasma	D
miR-21	Up	Plasma	D
miR-210	Up	Plasma	D
miR-155	Up	Pancreatic juice	D
miR-21	Up	Plasma	D
miR-196a	Up	Serum	D/P
miR-200a	Up	Serum	D
miR-200b	Up	Plasma	D
miR-210	Up	Plasma	D
miR-18a	Up	Plasma	D/T
miR-16	Up	Plasma	D
miR-196a	Up	Plasma	D
miR-185	Up	Serum	D
miR-191	Up	Serum	D
miR-20a	Up	Serum	D
miR-21	Up	Serum	D/P
miR-24	Up	Serum	D
miR-25	Up	Serum	D
miR-99a	Up	Serum	D
miR-1290	Up	Serum	D
miR-221	Up	Plasma	D/T/P
miR-375	Down	Plasma	D/T/P
miR-375	Up	Plasma	D
miR-27a3p	Up	Whole blood	D
miR-196a	Up	Serum	D
miR-196b	Up	Serum	D
miR-205	Up	Pancreatic juice	D/P
miR-210	Up	Saliva	D/P
miR-492	Up	Plasma	D/P
miR-1427	Up	Plasma	D/P
miR-22	Up	Plasma	D
miR-642b	Up	Plasma	D
miR-885-5p	Up	Plasma	D
Multigene index	Up	Whole blood	D
miR-483-3p	Up	Plasma	D
MIR-21	Up	Serum	D
MIR-210	Down	Serum	D
MIR-155	Up	Serum	D
miR-222	Down	Serum	D
miR-203	Down	Serum	D
miR-132	Down	Serum	D
miR-212	Down	Serum	D
miR-96	Down	Serum	D
mi-126	Down	Serum	D
mi-217	Down	Serum	D
Let-7	Down	Serum	D
miR-144	Down	Serum	D
miR-148	Down	Serum	D
miR-34a	Down	Serum	D
miR-3548	Up	Serum	D

CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; D: Diagnostic; P: Prognostic; T: Therapeutic; miR: MicroRNA.