Recent advances in the management of autoimmune pancreatitis in the era of artificial intelligence

Table 1 Characteristics of the two subtypes of autoimmune pancreatitis

Characteristic	AIP-1	AIP-2
Male/female ratio	3/1	1/1
Mean age	65 yr	40 yr
Geographical distribution	Asia > Europe and United States	Europe and United States > Asia
Clinical presentation	Jaundice 60%-80%. Acute pancreatitis 15%. Weight loss 65%	Acute pancreatitis 80%. Jaundice < 30%
Biological presentation	IgG4 > 1.35 g/L (sensitivity 70%, specificity 93%). IgG4 > 2.7 g/L (sensitivity 53%, specificity 99%). Lipase < 3xN. Cholestasis: > 80% of cases. Diabetes: 65% of cases. Insulin-dependent diabetes: 20% of cases. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: 40% of cases	Unspecific. Lipase > 3xN. Rare endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Histological criteria	Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration without neutrophils. Storiform fibrosis. Obliterative venulitis. IgG4 plasma cells > 10 in a high-power field	Destruction of inter- and intralobular ducts by neutrophils (granulocytic epithelial lesions). Few or no IgG4 plasma cells
Relapse rate after corticosteroid therapy	> 30%	< 15%

AIP: Autoimmune pancreatitis; IgG: Immunoglobulin G.