Clinical diagnosis and management of pancreatic cancer: Markers, molecular mechanisms, and treatment options

Table 4 Ongoing or recruiting clinical trials for pancreatic cancer treatment

Trial number	Phase	Treatments	Conditions
NCT03192462	1 or 2	Intravenous infusions of TAA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes	Pancreas cancer with metastatic, locally advanced unresectable, or resectable disease
NCT04637698	1 or 2	Oncolytic viral therapy (Type 2 Herpes simplex virus) expressing GM-CSF	Pancreatic cancer
NCT04247165	1 or 2	Dual checkpoint inhibition (nivolumab and ipilimumab) in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel followed by immune-chemoradiation	Borderline resectable, locally advanced, or metastatic pancreatic cancer
NCT05141149	1 or 2	Anti-PAUF monoclonal antibody PBP1510 or in combination with gemcitabine	Advanced/metastatic pancreatic cancer
NCT04825288	1 or 2	Anti-IL-1α true human antibody XB2001 or in combination with ONIVYDE + leucovorin + 5-FU chemotherapy	Advanced pancreatic cancer
NCT03662412	1 or 2	Sirolimus, a selective inhibitor of mTOR	Advanced pancreatic cancer
NCT05131776	2 or 3	Concurrent EUS-guided intratumor injection of P-32 microparticles (OncoSil)	Locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma
NCT03941093	3	Neoadjuvant treatment with pamrevlumab or placebo in combination with either gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel or FOLFIRINOX	Locally advanced pancreatic cancer
NCT05529940	3	FOLFIRINOX	Resectable pancreatic cancer
NCT04969731	3	Adjuvant Immuncell-LC (Cytokine-induced killer cells) therapy combined with gemcitabine	Resectable pancreatic cancer
NCT04025840	4	Perioperative epidural block and/or dexamethasone	Resectable pancreatic cancer
NCT04217096	4	Paclitaxel liposome plus S-1, an oral anticancer drug that consists of tegafur, gimeracil, and potassium oteracil in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.4:1.0	Advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer as the first-line therapy

5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil; EUS; Endoscopic ultrasound; FOLFIRINOX: Folinic acid + fluorouracil + irinotecan + oxaliplatin; IL: Interleukin; GM-CSF: Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor; mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin; PAUF: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor; TAA: Tumor-associated antigen.