Online calculator for predicting the risk of malignancy in patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms: A multicenter, retrospective study

Table 1 Preoperative clinical characteristics of patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms

Characteristics	Training cohort	Validation cohort	P value
	n = 187 (64.5%)	n = 103 (35.5%)
Sex			0.190
Male	126 (67.4)	77 (74.8)
Female	61 (32.6)	26 (25.2)
Age in yr			0.344
< 60	123 (65.8)	62 (60.2)
≥ 60	64 (34.2)	41 (39.8)
BMI	23.25 ± 3.37	23.00 ± 3.53	0.561
Weight loss			0.830
No	165 (88.2)	90 (87.4)
Yes	22 (11.8)	13 (12.6)
Alcohol			0.378
No	168 (89.8)	89 (86.4)
Yes	19 (10.2)	14 (13.6)
Symptomatic			0.602
No	74 (39.6)	44 (42.7)
Yes	113 (60.4)	59 (57.3)
NLR			0.510
< 2.288	134 (71.7)	70 (68.0)
≥ 2.288	53 (28.3)	33 (32.0)
TB in μmol/L			0.763
< 34.2	181 (96.8)	99 (96.1)
≥ 34.2	6 (3.2)	4 (3.9)
CEA in ng/mL			0.901
< 5	175 (93.6%)	96 (96.0%)
≥ 5	12 (6.4)	7 (7.0)
CA19-9 in U/mL			0.135
< 34	163 (87.2)	83 (80.6)
≥ 34	24 (12.8)	20 (19.4)
GGT in IU/L			0.287
< 150	174 (93.0)	99 (96.1)
≥ 150	13 (7.0)	4 (3.9)
ALP in IU/L			0.556
< 200	179 (95.7)	97 (94.2)
≥ 200	8 (4.3)	6 (5.8)

ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; BMI: Body mass index; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte; TB: Total bilirubin.