Digital single-operator video cholangioscopy improves endoscopic management in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis-a retrospective observational study

Table 2 Basic analysis of digital single-operator video cholangioscopies performed in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

Variable	Digital SOVC (n = 46)
Type of digital SOVC
Initial examinations, n (%)	38 (82.6)
Repeated examinations, n (%)	8 (17.4)
Main indication for using SOVC
Stricture assessment, n (%)	37 (80.4)
Selective guidewire placement, n (%)	6 (13)
Cholangiolithiasis, n (%)	2 (4.3)
Others, n (%)	1 (2.2)
Clinical patient data before SOVC (multiple items permitted)
Prior papillotomy, n (%)	41 (89.1)
Elevated serum bilirubin level (> 1.2 mg/dl), n (%)	30 (65.2)
Prior post-ERC-pancreatitis, n (%)	10 (21.7)
Type of digital SOVC
ERC-based digital SOVC, n (%)	46 (100)
Total examination time (ERC + digital SOVC; min)	73 (± 5.2); n = 40/46
Dysfunction of the SOVC-system, n (%)	1 (2.2)
Procedures during SOVC-examination (multiple items permitted)
SOVC-assisted guidewire insertion, n (%)	39 (84.7)
SOVC-assisted forceps biopsies, n (%)	25 (54.3)
SOVC-assisted EHL, n (%)	2 (4.3)
Additive procedures during ERC-examination (multiple items permitted)
Balloon dilation of the biliary tract, n (%)	35 (76.1)
New papillotomy, n (%)	7 (15.2)
Conventional transpapillary biopsy, n (%)	6 (13.0)
Endoprosthesis placement, n (%)	5 (10.9)
Periinterventional application of drugs to prevent AE
Antibiotics, n (%)	46 (100)
NSAID (Diclofenac/Indomethacin), n (%)	6 (13)

SOVC: Single-operator video cholangioscopy; EHL: Electrohydraulic lithotripsy; AE: Adverse event; ERC: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; NSAID: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.