Development of a novel score for the diagnosis of bacterial infection in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients

	Non-infected (n = 217)	Infected (n = 169)	P value
Age (yr)	45.96 ± 13.94	52.18±14.70	< 0.001
Male, n (%)	177 (81.6)	126 (74.6)	0.096
Etiology, n (%)			0.051
HBV infection	173 (79.7)	114 (67.5)
Alcohol	17 (7.8)	23 (13.6)
HBV and alcohol	8 (3.7)	8 (4.7)
Others	19 (8.8)	24 (14.2)
MELD score	18.94 ± 4.39	22.24 ± 7.36	< 0.001
PT (s)	21.97 ± 6.52	26.22 ± 9.90	< 0.001
INR	1.90 ± 0.56	2.35 ± 1.16	< 0.001
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)	272.56 ± 127.41	317.70 ± 153.10	0.001
Albumin (g/L)	31.34 ± 4.76	28.81 ± 5.36	< 0.001
ALT (U/L)	663.30 ± 694.59	524.97 ± 800.98	0.070
AST (U/L)	463.18 ± 494.97	477.25 ± 662.96	0.811
GGT (U/L)	159.74 ± 160.13	141.85 ± 143.03	0265
Creatinine (μmol/L)	61.67 ± 19.37	81.71 ± 56.61	< 0.001
PCT (ng/mL)	0.75 ± 0.60	1.46 ± 1.81	< 0.001
CRP (mg/L)	15.86 ± 9.61	25.59 ± 17.50	< 0.001
WBC (× 109/L)	6.67 ± 3.11	9.01 ± 5.62	< 0.001
N%	66.80 ± 10.57	73.03 ± 11.56	< 0.001

PT: Prothrombin time; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; PCT: Procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: White blood cell count; N%: Proportion of neutrophils.